Quantum Computing as Fast As Possible

Techquickie ·Techquickie ·2015-05-07 · 1,109 words · ~5 min read
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0:00 now any theoretical physicist on the street these days will tell you that
0:03 quantum processors are the next logical step in the evolution of mathematical
0:08 computations but for those of us just barely capable of tying our own shoes
0:13 many questions spring to mind what does theoretical physics have to do with
0:17 improving processor performance is this going to end up benefiting me in any way
0:21 that is actually relevant and most importantly will this next leap finally
0:25 be the one that takes me home oh boy
0:29 unlike classical processors which use transistors to create digits of binary
0:33 code called bits which are represented in the familiar form of zeros and ones
0:38 quantum processors use atomic sized structures such as a single freaking
0:42 electron and produce coded units called qubits which have the unique capability
0:47 of being both the values of zero and one simultaneously more on that later to
0:52 accomplish this engineers utilize extreme cold conditions and magnetics to
0:57 manipulate the natural polarity field within the electron and bring it to a
1:01 position where it rests in alignment with the artificially created magnetic
1:05 flow this resting state is referred to as spin down and would be similar to a
1:10 zero value in classical coding when the electron is forcefully going against its
1:15 natural inclination to rest with the flow of the magnetic field or its polar
1:19 south has been spun to the top position that is called spin up which you guessed
1:24 it represents a 1 in traditional binary speak let me use an analogy to clarify
1:29 imagine you're a child back on the playground sitting on the swings if
1:32 you're just sitting there exerting no effort letting gravity hold you in place
1:37 this could be considered the spin down position now let's say you were to
1:40 accomplish the dream of every child around the world and manage to be all
1:44 the way vertical up above the bar spin up would be the point at which you
1:48 reached the apex of your swing and gravity was working its hardest to pull
1:52 you violently back down to the earth now as i mentioned earlier qubits have the
1:56 unique potential to end up representing both a one and a zero in code value
2:01 simultaneously which you could imagine in our previous scenario would be like a
2:05 swinger sitting at the 90 degree mark directly between the ground and the sky
2:10 but just like gravity would make it impossible to stay at that position for
2:13 more than a fraction of a moment the electrons which drive the quantum
2:18 processor have forces preventing them from sitting still as well in fact that
2:22 might be underselling it a little bit because thanks to the quantum mechanical
2:25 phenomenon known as superposition the electron is actually moving in all
2:29 directions simultaneously before the moment it is measured so in order to
2:33 quantify information derived from an electron spinning out like a roided out
2:37 hamster in a ball engineers first determined the basic spin value as
2:41 previously described then they use mathematical probability scales which
2:45 calculate the likeliness the electron was actually spinning in the indicated
2:49 direction and then arrive at two separate numbers for each scenario which
2:53 are the processor's outputs for instance one might receive something like a 70
2:57 probability up and 30 down or as you now
3:00 see both zero and one at once if not at
3:04 least two varying degrees this form of measurement coupled with the electrons
3:08 unique physical properties lead to a quantum processor's two main advantages
3:13 over a classical one so here's the summary part first since the electrons
3:17 are spinning at such an indeterminable rate and direction they are also
3:21 potentially capable of running an indeterminable number of processes at
3:25 remarkable speeds secondly since two measurements are
3:29 needed to quantify each qubit value as opposed to the standard one transistor
3:33 per bit rule the increase in computing power for quantum processors is an
3:38 exponential one in other words when one qubit tells two friends they tell two
3:43 friends and then they tell two friends and i'm gonna run our fingers on my
3:46 hands really fast here until you reach the measly range of 500 qubits where
3:50 you've generated more possible processors than there are particles in
3:53 the known universe but now to the downside or the spin
3:58 downside as it were while quantum processors may have more
4:02 computing power than the whole known universe plus he-man because of all the
4:06 insane amounts of effort it takes to isolate manipulate and quantify
4:11 something like an electron in its spin these computers would likely only see a
4:15 benefit when running intense multi-tiered operations that take
4:20 advantage of the system's ability to run calculations against each other such as
4:24 weather and traffic predictions so for things that run basic algorithms such as
4:28 violent video games or sexually explicit videos or for the really depraved among
4:33 you violent sexually explicit video games classical processors are still the
4:38 king of the roost speaking of the king of the roost we have a sponsor for
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4:59 serious business modding competition going on right now that anyone is
5:03 welcome to enter so you guys should check out the link in the video description for more details about that
5:08 and if you're not a modder then make sure that you also check back and just
5:12 have a look at some of the crazy things people are going to submit there's a number of different categories including
5:17 modding existing cases and even a scratch build category where people will
5:21 be building their own cases so it's nice to see stuff like community involvement
5:26 from these larger companies whether it's sponsoring something like this fast as
5:29 possible or sponsoring modders to do what they do and making sure they win
5:33 prizes just for doing it thank you guys for doing the thing where you watch this
5:37 video like it if you liked it dislike it if you thought it sucked leave a comment if your feelings were more complicated
5:41 than that if you have suggestions for future fastest possible episodes just like this one or hopefully different
5:45 because we already did this one and as always don't forget to subscribe