An Open Source Motherboard?!

Linus Tech Tips ·Linus Tech Tips ·2019-05-06 · 1,449 words · ~7 min read
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0:00 so ibm sponsored us down to ibm think 2019 and i'm here walking around in this
0:06 veritable sea of next generation technology like they've got everything
0:10 here from cloud computing to ai to
0:13 quantum computing both from ibm and its partners and then i spot this out of the
0:18 corner of my eye now this might not look unusual at all we've
0:23 got what like a motherboard and like a workstation or
0:26 something but what you're looking at here contains
0:30 tech that at this time is simply not available from the CPU companies that
0:35 most consumers would think of pci express gen 4 yeah right here so these
0:42 systems are running cpus based on ibm's
0:45 power 9 architecture and what's really
0:48 cool is that the hardware for them basically all of it even
0:52 even this motherboard is open source
0:57 what on earth does that mean let me let me explain that
1:10 so ibm's power architecture is nothing new in fact if you bought a mac back in
1:15 the early 2000s you've used it before
1:21 but over the last 10 to 15 years it's gotten some big upgrades and the power 9
1:26 processors in our demo rig here are the same ones in everything from high
1:32 performance network storage appliances to literal super computers but what
1:37 makes them open source well the cpus themselves are not
1:43 although ibm actually does allow even CPU hardware technology to be licensed
1:48 but it's the ecosystem around them that is that's where the open openpower
1:53 foundation comes in so now instead of only being able to get a power9 solution
1:58 from ibm directly you can get one from half a dozen or so different
2:02 manufacturers and what we're looking at here are examples of ones that are open
2:07 in every way so this motherboard i could
2:10 just assuming that i had the means i could just download the schematics and
2:15 build one myself it's crazy even down to the firmware so it's got these two BIOS
2:20 chips with actually this really cool solution so you can actually flip this
2:23 little dip switch and write protect them so that they can't become corrupted or
2:27 infected in any way and i i could just i could build the
2:31 whole thing and it would be ready to rock and then i could just run standard
2:34 software on it like Linux or freebsd
2:38 so this system right here is running regular old Linux and other
2:43 than the fact that it's power9 instead of x86 is every bit as normal like
2:49 workstation or tower server as you could expect so you got a couple CPU sockets
2:54 for up to a total of 44 cores you got 16
2:57 memory slots they run quad channel memory i mean the thing that's
3:00 exceptional about it is how sort of unexceptional it is it just looks like a
3:04 normal motherboard you've even got just like a standard Radeon pro workstation
3:09 graphics card in here x5 sound card of all things some pci express slots i mean
3:13 they're gen 4 that's cool but like yeah us usb header it's just a normal
3:19 freaking thing like can i just like run video games on this thing hyperx gaming
3:23 keyboard and mouse on here nice i like it keeping it classy right enterprise
3:28 show this is what like a quake arena style oh
3:32 my god this mouse is so sensitive is this a shotgun oh god this is the rail
3:36 gun again oh oh balls there you go you're done this is like the least
3:41 appropriate possible use of a system
3:44 like this i love it team using development
3:47 workstation for gaming that's my team one more one more
3:51 oh no i finally i died
3:54 okay so that's probably enough of me playing games on the very serious tool
3:58 actually let's talk about why all of this so the openness of openpower has
4:04 some key advantages from a performance standpoint it's allowed faster ecosystem
4:09 development so they're already shipping not just pci express gen4 which is about
4:14 twice as fast as the third gen bus that everyone else is using right now but
4:18 they also have support for opencapi which is twice as fast as PCIe gen4
4:24 and the ability to run up to three tesla
4:27 v100 gpus off of a single CPU
4:31 using envylink which is not only faster
4:34 again than opencapi but it also allows for full data coherency between the cpus
4:41 and the up to six gpus that you can handle in a dual CPU system so that
4:46 means that they don't have to wait around to share information between them
4:50 speeding up computationally intensive workloads like in particular ai then
4:56 there's the security side of things with spectre and meltdown to some extent but
5:01 more with some of the recent concerns about the management engine on some
5:05 processors there's a huge part of the open source community or just the
5:10 computing community in general that wants more openness when it comes to
5:14 hardware a high performance chip that has no binary blobs on it and you can
5:19 build everything from source and that is exactly what we're looking at here so
5:23 power9 processors are available in a wide variety of configurations with
5:27 anywhere from as few as four to as many as 22 processing cores but there are a
5:32 few things that they all have in common quad channel ddr4
5:36 44 pci express gen 4 lanes per CPU and a
5:41 ton of optimization for massively parallel workloads so you might be
5:45 familiar with technologies that use smt to allow a single CPU core to work on
5:50 more than one thread at a time well rather than two threads power nine can
5:54 handle four threads per CPU so a fully loaded 44 core rig like this one can
6:00 handle 176 threads now then obviously most
6:05 people aren't just running out and
6:08 buying one of these and one of these and diying a tower for the receptionist in
6:14 their office with it or whatever so the question that this raises then is
6:18 why have a low cost board like this or even relatively speaking a low cost
6:24 board like this one well systems like this are mostly geared
6:28 towards developers so that they have an affordable way to test their code at
6:33 their desk with that said though that's not necessarily because it has to be that
6:37 way forever with the right software
6:41 either of these could be adapted for more conventional you know consumer or
6:46 professional use it's just that that's not the focus right now so they're
6:50 mainly there for the developers who are writing code for the bigger systems like
6:54 ibm's ac 922 this crazy powerful ai
6:58 optimized server platform that's been used in the lawrence livermore and oak
7:02 ridge national Labs which by the way contain the number two and number one
7:07 respectively most powerful supercomputers in the world right now
7:10 here's another one this is something ibm's calling power ai vision and this
7:15 is like a new program without a ton of adoption yet but there's some amazing
7:18 real world applications so they did some stuff with frontier development Labs
7:22 that involved space weather specifically tracking solar flares recognizing that a
7:28 hundred years ago there was one that fried all of the basic electronics on
7:33 earth at the time and they figured wow if that were to happen today that would
7:37 be like a multi-trillion dollar event like
7:40 civilization as we know it threatening so they're trying to use deep learning
7:44 and machine learning to put together historical and predictive data so that
7:49 we could prepare for that pretty freaking cool and important right
7:53 i mean i guess that's kind of the theme overall of the show here and all that's
7:57 left now is to thank ibm for sponsoring this and thank you guys for watching our
8:02 video from here down at ibm think 2019.
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8:25 is definitely worth a join
8:30 finest this is a dead one right