WEBVTT 00:00:00.160 --> 00:00:07.279 So, let's open up by busting that Thunderbolt is only for Macs myth. It 00:00:05.279 --> 00:00:10.880 was co-developed by Apple and Intel, but the full rights were eventually 00:00:08.800 --> 00:00:15.040 transferred to Intel, and now anyone can implement it. And since I've got my 00:00:13.040 --> 00:00:20.000 history lesson hat on, I might as well give you guys another little factoid. 00:00:17.840 --> 00:00:24.160 The original prototype cenamed Light Peak was actually an optical technology, 00:00:22.080 --> 00:00:29.119 which would have enabled higher transfer speeds and longer cables. But since 00:00:27.039 --> 00:00:33.600 copper can carry power in addition to data, and Intel saw better than expected 00:00:31.439 --> 00:00:37.440 results when testing with copper, all of the Thunderbolt cables you see today 00:00:35.680 --> 00:00:40.559 will have connectors on each end that look exactly like mini DisplayPort, but 00:00:38.960 --> 00:00:45.680 with little lightning bolt symbols on them and with only copper wires inside 00:00:43.280 --> 00:00:51.520 them. But what do those wires do, Ven Lionus? Well, they carry a combination 00:00:47.840 --> 00:00:53.920 of PCI Express and DisplayPort on one 00:00:51.520 --> 00:00:58.239 serial signal, as well as a DC connection for power, all wrapped up in 00:00:56.160 --> 00:01:03.120 one cable. This means that the Thunderbolt interface can be used to 00:00:59.920 --> 00:01:05.280 connect and power display, audio, and 00:01:03.120 --> 00:01:08.320 storage devices, as well as USB, FireWire, and gated Ethernet via 00:01:06.799 --> 00:01:13.040 adapters. I mean, the sky's is pretty much the limit. To top that off, you can 00:01:10.560 --> 00:01:17.040 run up to six total devices at a time off of a single connector by daisy 00:01:15.360 --> 00:01:21.680 chaining them all together or by connecting to a hub. Cool stuff. And 00:01:19.920 --> 00:01:26.240 while I don't think it's fair to say that Thunderbolt 1 took the market by 00:01:23.600 --> 00:01:31.040 storm compared to USB 3, it was very expensive, it was certainly a standard 00:01:28.479 --> 00:01:35.759 unlike anything that we had seen before. And it continues to evolve. In 2013, 00:01:33.680 --> 00:01:41.119 Thunderbolt 2 arrived with some big changes. Bandwidth was doubled to 20 00:01:38.320 --> 00:01:44.960 Gbit birectional, enough to watch 4K video while simultaneously running a 00:01:43.119 --> 00:01:50.799 high-speed storage device over one cable. And maximum transfer speeds were 00:01:47.680 --> 00:01:52.799 raised to 1,500 megabytes per second, 00:01:50.799 --> 00:01:56.720 though overhead and PCI Express limits keep you from hitting speeds even close 00:01:54.240 --> 00:02:01.040 to that max spec in the real world. On top of that, it maintained the same 00:01:58.560 --> 00:02:04.920 connector, which means V1 and V2 are intercompatible. The link will simply 00:02:03.119 --> 00:02:09.920 operate at the speed of the slower device. All right. Well, that's it then, 00:02:07.280 --> 00:02:13.520 right? 20 Gbit per second simultaneously with 4K video and you get your 00:02:11.680 --> 00:02:18.440 high-speed storage through one cable. It's that I mean, that's enough, right? 00:02:14.920 --> 00:02:20.640 No, we need more 00:02:18.440 --> 00:02:23.520 power. Excuse me. Not really sure what happened there. Anyway, we need more 00:02:22.080 --> 00:02:28.239 power. And by that, I mean we need higher speeds and greater capabilities 00:02:25.280 --> 00:02:33.040 with less actual power consumption. 50% less if we can rely on a leaked slide of 00:02:30.319 --> 00:02:36.319 Thunderbolt 3 specs from April 2014. This new format is rumored to come with 00:02:34.800 --> 00:02:40.879 a doubling of the current Thunderbolt bandwidth from 20 to 40 Gbit per second. 00:02:38.800 --> 00:02:47.040 And it'll be capable of four modes, including HDMI 2.0. Woo, cool. It should 00:02:44.640 --> 00:02:51.760 have support for PCR Express Gen 3 and is rumored to be capable of charging 00:02:48.879 --> 00:02:56.480 devices that require up to 100 watts of power. The bad news is that it's also 00:02:54.480 --> 00:03:01.840 rumored to require a new connector. So, adapters will be needed for backwards 00:02:59.560 --> 00:03:05.440 compatibility. Now, while we haven't yet reached the 100 Gbit per second maximum 00:03:03.840 --> 00:03:09.360 speeds over Thunderbolt that Intel promised when they released the protocol, I've seen unofficial 00:03:08.000 --> 00:03:13.040 statements projecting that speed by around 2020, but nothing confirmed yet. 00:03:11.599 --> 00:03:16.400 We're still very early in the life cycle, and at the rate Thunderbolt's 00:03:14.640 --> 00:03:21.200 been moving, I'd be surprised if it takes that long. And I'm very excited to 00:03:18.239 --> 00:03:26.239 see the future of this. It's uh very promising, but still very expensive 00:03:24.120 --> 00:03:31.120 technology. 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