WEBVTT 00:00:00.320 --> 00:00:06.520 closed loop coolers, blower style fans, 00:00:03.760 --> 00:00:12.320 heat sinks the size of a small child. PC enthusiasts have been looking 00:00:09.840 --> 00:00:19.840 for ways to keep their rigs from turning into little mini ovens or large ovens as 00:00:16.080 --> 00:00:22.560 it were for a very long time. And even 00:00:19.840 --> 00:00:30.560 people who aren't tech heads have had to fight smartphones, game consoles, or 00:00:26.160 --> 00:00:32.239 even televisions that get too hot. But 00:00:30.560 --> 00:00:37.440 while there's plenty of discussion online about how to set up the most 00:00:34.960 --> 00:00:42.559 effective cooling solution, a question you don't often see asked is why the 00:00:40.559 --> 00:00:46.800 heck do our electronics heat up so much in the first 00:00:43.879 --> 00:00:52.160 place? Okay. Well, before we dive into the specifics, it's important to 00:00:48.640 --> 00:00:54.960 understand one of the fundamental laws 00:00:52.160 --> 00:01:00.160 of the universe that ultimately causes heat generation, not just in computers, 00:00:57.760 --> 00:01:05.920 but in everything from car engines to light bulbs. I'm talking about the 00:01:02.719 --> 00:01:08.080 second law of thermodynamics. And while 00:01:05.920 --> 00:01:13.200 there are a bunch of smart guy sounding ways to state the second law, for the 00:01:10.560 --> 00:01:21.119 purposes of this video, it's pretty easy to understand. Whenever energy is used, 00:01:17.119 --> 00:01:23.840 some of it becomes waste heat. Now, we 00:01:21.119 --> 00:01:29.439 could just say that since electronics use energy and therefore generate waste 00:01:26.880 --> 00:01:33.680 heat, they need to be cooled and end the episode there. I mean, I'm feeling kind 00:01:31.200 --> 00:01:38.159 of hungry. Lunch break, right? But we're all about viewer satisfaction here at 00:01:35.840 --> 00:01:42.799 Tequicki. So, let's dive a little deeper. If you watched our previous 00:01:40.880 --> 00:01:47.560 episode about motherboard components right up here, you'll remember that 00:01:44.720 --> 00:01:52.240 nearly all electronic circuits feature resistors to limit the flow of current 00:01:50.479 --> 00:01:57.280 so that the sensitive parts of your system like your processors and RAM 00:01:54.479 --> 00:02:02.240 modules get the correct amount of power since too much can cause them to 00:01:59.520 --> 00:02:08.479 function incorrectly or even damage them. And this energy that gets resisted 00:02:05.840 --> 00:02:13.760 has to go somewhere. So, it ends up as heat that needs to be dissipated. And 00:02:11.440 --> 00:02:18.720 with as many resistors as there are in modern electronics, that heat adds up 00:02:15.920 --> 00:02:23.840 pretty quickly. But what about the hottest parts of your computer? Your 00:02:20.720 --> 00:02:26.200 central processing unit or CPU and your 00:02:23.840 --> 00:02:33.160 graphics processing unit or GPU? Well, processors are made up of 00:02:29.599 --> 00:02:36.160 millions or even billions of tiny 00:02:33.160 --> 00:02:39.440 transistors which switch on and off. you 00:02:36.160 --> 00:02:42.200 know, zeros and ones to run programs. 00:02:39.440 --> 00:02:48.879 And since modern processors run through billions of cycles a second, these 00:02:45.840 --> 00:02:51.599 transistors can generate lots of heat 00:02:48.879 --> 00:02:57.120 due to the extra current that they use while you're putting a load on your 00:02:53.519 --> 00:03:00.080 processor, such as while gaming or video 00:02:57.120 --> 00:03:04.560 editing or compressing files. The heavier the task you're running, the 00:03:02.319 --> 00:03:10.400 more of them need to be switching. And this is all happening within a space of 00:03:06.959 --> 00:03:14.000 a few square centimeters, necessitating 00:03:10.400 --> 00:03:17.120 those hunks of metal or heat pipe type 00:03:14.000 --> 00:03:20.480 coolers that come directly into contact 00:03:17.120 --> 00:03:24.000 with the CPU or GPU package carrying 00:03:20.480 --> 00:03:26.560 heat away usually to a large metal 00:03:24.000 --> 00:03:33.519 radiator structure to be dissipated into the surrounding air. Again, usually by 00:03:29.959 --> 00:03:35.280 fans. And this is interesting. Even if 00:03:33.519 --> 00:03:41.040 you're only using your computer for things like Facebook and Microsoft 00:03:37.959 --> 00:03:44.319 Office, you still won't get very far 00:03:41.040 --> 00:03:46.879 without a cooler as some current is 00:03:44.319 --> 00:03:52.799 always running through your processor. This is called leakage, even when it's 00:03:50.000 --> 00:03:56.720 idle. 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