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the internet has gone from being a curiosity to something that has

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profoundly changed our way of life in the space of only about 25 years but

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what if we could take a gigantic leap you know like a quantum one and yes i

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know an actual quantum leap is very small but bear with me here because this

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is actually pretty cool quantum internet which is currently being worked on by

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researchers around the globe could make our current internet look primitive and

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unlike pipe dreams like cold fusion or faster than light travel it could at

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least be partially available within our lifetimes but why would we want that to

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find out we spoke to chad orzell so we'd like to thank him for his insight well

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unlike the current internet that works with standard bits you know ones and

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zeros the quantum internet would use quantum bits or qubits which can

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represent both a zero and a one at the same time in superposition this means

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complex operations could be done in fewer steps than a current computer

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would need making a quantum internet much more efficient for some types of

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applications for example if we're using qubits large amounts of information

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could be sorted through much more quickly without it being indexed first a

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quantum network would also be superior in some ways due to a concept called

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quantum entanglement this is a weird counter-intuitive phenomenon but we'll

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do our best to explain how it works basically if you change the properties

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of one particle the properties of a second linked particle change

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instantaneously even if it's really far away due to the bizarre nature of

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quantum physics however there's a common misconception that this means that we

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could transmit information instantaneously

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as in faster than light unfortunately this isn't the case for a

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few reasons one quantum entanglement requires both the sender and receiver to

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measure their quantum particle which actually changes it and then compare

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results to see if they're correlated in order for useful information to pass and

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that has to be done at or below light

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speed two quantum networking requires quite a bit of overhead to ensure the

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information could be carried properly as the whole process is relatively fragile

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so really it's not about getting faster in the sense that a cable connection is

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faster than a dial-up one rather it's about making certain kinds of

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applications more efficient kind of like how current supercomputers and graphics

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cards are parallelized and also about

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security remember how we said measuring a quantum particle changes it this means

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that trying to look at something like a quantum encryption key would destroy it

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before an attacker could actually use it making quantum networks far more secure

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than what we have today but hold on how do you even encode a qubit well one

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method scientists are looking at is shining lasers on a single ion in a

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certain way that encodes quantum information the ion then spits out a

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photon that has the same information so you can say the ion and the photon are

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entangled when that photon meets a photon from another ion the two ions

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then become entangled through the bizarre physics that govern quantum mechanics now all of this sounds cool

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but quantum networks work best in relatively cold temperature controlled

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environments so scientists have had to overcome the major barrier of making

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them reliable in real world conditions additionally because quantum networking

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would still rely on photon transfer light attenuation is also something to

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consider just like with current fiber optic networks but in spite of these

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challenges a team in china has gotten a quantum entanglement connection to work

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over a distance of 745 miles long

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distance transmission would require repeaters but it appears that we aren't

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too far away from a proof of concept in fact one of the lead researchers on

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china's quantum project thinks we'll have quantum internet in some form by

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the year 2030. of course an early version of quantum internet would almost

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certainly be an add-on to the current internet instead of a total replacement

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if you're expecting mainstream gadgets like smartphones and pcs that support

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quantum transmissions natively we probably won't see that in our lifetimes

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but it'll be interesting to see if we start getting benefits from quantum internet in the next couple of decades

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maybe it'll somehow make the computer network at the dmv work a little faster

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for example but i wouldn't hold my breath big thanks to

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down to privateinternetaccess.com techwiki so thanks for watching guys if

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you like this video like it hit subscribe and hit us up in the comments

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section with your suggestions for topics we should cover in the future