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ahoy there mateys i am a pirate it's

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true i recently bought a copy of super mario rpg for snes so that i could

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legally play it on my hand-held pc but i

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made one fatal mistake that could bring nintendo's lawyers to my door i

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downloaded the rom off the internet by gosh that's piracy

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but it didn't have to be oracle of all people sponsored this video where we're

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gonna answer the question once and for all is there a way to 100

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legally emulate games can you liberate

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the delicious gamey bits trapped inside these plastic shells and for that matter

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why would you want to do such a thing so come along and join me on the seven seas

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you are a pirate super mario rpg legend of the seven stars is one of those games

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that despite being available on the snes classic and both the wii and wii u

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virtual consoles is not available to buy on any platform

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right now given that they're all discontinued that means that even if you

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own a physical copy of the game like i do there's no way to legally play

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it without something that can read the cartridge and worse every time you slot

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it into the original console you are wearing down the contacts on both sides

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bit by bit so even with a modern console

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like the super nt the condition of the cartridge will degrade over time as you

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swap it in and out and what about your saves cartridges from the 16-bit era and

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earlier almost always used a small amount of battery backed up s-RAM for

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saving progress and those batteries are at least 25 years old now

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well past their service life and once they die your save games die with them

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and you will never be able to save again unless you replace the battery an act

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that will erase your save games unless you go out of your way to keep it

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powered while you solder not sure if i'd

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recommend that for novices

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that's where projects like the sani card reader come in there have been other

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cartridge readers over the years like the retroed but they were expensive and

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have largely been discontinued this on the other hand is an open source project

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that began in 2014 and today you can actually build your very own using an

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arduino mega and custom pcbs that allow you to read practically any cartridge

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from the major consoles from the nintendo entertainment system era

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through to the gba era and copy them onto a micro sd card including the save

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data this save the hero version from builders is named for that very feature

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and functionally it's just a sani v3 but with more premium materials including an

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acrylic top plate and a wooden underside for about a hundred dollars you could

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build your own for about half of that but it might not be worth the hassle to

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you the newest sani v4 has more intuitive controls and an easier build

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for about 80 worth of parts and there's a simpler even cheaper version that you

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can build if you just want to get your feet wet let's take it for a spin shall

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we i'mma be honest with you guys i bought this complete in box at a local

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store and in the interest of not doing any further damage to it i have not

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actually opened it yet so for all i know it may it might not even be in there

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Anthony did you check Anthony picked it up for me it's not a box of rocks i

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don't know if there's not rocks inside the cartridge though

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that's fair it doesn't smell like new electronics

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more like old electronics we've got four different cartridge slots for the snes

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sega genesis n64 and what sorry i just done uh yes this is for the game boy

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advanced as well as game boy and game boy color

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so i'm gonna go ahead and

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these four switches here allow us to select between three and five volts five

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is what we want for the super nintendo eprom off or on we want that off and

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then both of our clock gens zero and one

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are going to go to the on position next we're going to put this adorable little

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micro sd card featuring bart simpson

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to our save the hero this contains the database files that we need which can be

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downloaded off of github and now i get to power it ah not quite

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the controls for this thing are actually handled through an n64

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controller that kind of interferes with this nest slot a little is that the most

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adorable little power indication led or not open source cart reader

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so wait i do need this or i don't you do not um what i uh i was going to correct

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you but i figured it'd be funnier it's just with these buttons the left button moves the cursor the right button

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selects what does this do that is for reading n64 memory packs that makes

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sense again i thought it was funny so i let you do it wow you can test it

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you can cycle it i don't even know what cycling it does you can even take save

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files that were created in an emulator and load them onto a cartridge if you

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want to reform your filthy pirate ways how neat is that right you don't think

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of this stuff as a storage medium but it is yeah it's just weird proprietary ugly

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storage so now it's it's on there as a fully functional rom it's so easy you

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could dump a huge collection in like no

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time so what i can just pull this off and then i could just totally

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oops read save uh nope nope go back you'll probably want

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to hit cycle card read wrong here oh or you could okay okay no it's going to

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overwrite my super mario rpg rom no it doesn't overwrite with the doom

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data oh it creates a new folder it keeps it keeps a tally of it so it creates a

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new numbered folder each time okay i'll just rename it

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um on the computer if it calculates the

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checksum will it say no you did a bad job it'll probably say checks on fail or

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something like that let's see check some error so let's do the cycle

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cartridge thing boom you're going to want to be careful this is the kind of

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thing that's like read the manual okay

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what the where does nesco mess goes into the snes slot with the help of a handy

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adapter shut up oh it needs an adapter that makes sense

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how do i tell which way it goes in it's probably got to be keyed right is it not

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keyed what you need to do is just match up the silk screen side with the front

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label and then you know plug it in the same way you plugged in the super nintendo game

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oh do not like okay current setting okay so it

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remembers the last settings you used the thing with nes games is that they lack

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header data with any information about the game or the rom layout so there's no

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information on the chips or anything like that you need to tell the reader how to talk to it at all manually you

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can find this by looking it up on nescartdb.com the mapper which is one of

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the things you're going to need to pay attention to is kind of the way of

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describing the layout of the cartridge each mapper corresponds to a different

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layout of chips on a cartridge the prg is the program rom chip the chr is the

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character rom chip and RAM mostly refers to sram for saving but some games do

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have work RAM like super mario bros 3. okay

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hal obtuse what's this adapter for that adapter is for sega master system master

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system games are another 8-bit console they do have headers but they don't

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identify what the game is so they'll always read as tmr sega which is what

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the header actually says now conceivably if i wanted to be a total asshat i could

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dump this and put it on your dragon warrior cart and vice versa they are not

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writable they are read only they are roms oh that makes sense that's why we

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call them roms now thanks to community efforts we know what each of these roms

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should actually come out to be so we have checksums to be able to check

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whether or not our dump is good if the checksum doesn't match you should check

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other variants of the game because they can be slightly different if the checksum still doesn't match you should

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power off make sure all the contacts are clean reseed it and try again make sure

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that switches are set correctly as well if the checksum still doesn't match you

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might have a unicorn or a bad cartridge or reader okay

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well that's it was the point of this video just for me to buy a bunch of

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adapters and readers for your retro collection so that you can borrow them

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from work yes well played

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now that Linus has dumped all of his difficult to dump cartridges we can talk

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about cd and dvd based games which can usually be backed up with a typical dvd

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rom drive although newer consoles are a little bit trickier which sucks because

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those will deteriorate naturally over time and some consoles like to actually

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chew them up like there's an xbox variant that scratches disks

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unfortunately you'll usually need to mod your consoles to back up games from the

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dreamcast onwards thanks to the copy protection strategies that companies

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used for them that's a little beyond the scope of today's video though

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so are our new waffle long sleeve shirts but i won't judge if you're distracted

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by their greatness regardless of how you get them backed up a great bonus is that

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you can apply patches to them there are countless super mario world rom hacks

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out there there are translation patches for games that were never released in

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english or other languages and the 32x version of doom in particular was widely

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considered a flop but recent developments have turned it into one of

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the finest ports of the original doom available for a 90s console complete

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with a newly composed chiptune soundtrack and cd audio support by

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dumping your own roms you're legally able to use these hacks the question of

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whether they create a derivative work is for the authors of those hacks to worry

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about so far we've dumped 24 games across multiple platforms and while we

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could use something like the mega everdrive to run these on original

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hardware without swapping cartridges all the time we're going to set up some

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emulators you can use anything for this but a raspberry pi is inexpensive

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efficient and has several options for setting up an easy to use retro gaming

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box like retropie unfortunately they're also in short supply right now

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but the raspberry pi 400 here is as

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powerful as a pi 4 and still available bonus points for having an integrated

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keyboard so you can game without a controller if you need to or emulate

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computers all we need to do is write the image to an sd card on a computer insert

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it into the pi and follow the prompts it's a lot easier to transfer raw images

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and save files via a usb stick if you install the pixel desktop environment

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after completing setup just make sure that the save files match the game's

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name and end with dot srm then copy the files to the system appropriate folders

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here and you're good to go just remember to change the auto start option back to

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emulation station unless you want the desktop by default let's play some games

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emulation station picked up everything pretty much right away now it doesn't

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pick up the album art or anything like album art the game cover art or anything

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like that right away you do need to use a scraper for that which can be done

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automatically as long as you have internet connection so these are the games we dumped we got afterburner for

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32x doom for 32x which i could patch battle outrun which is a game that was

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only ever released in europe and brazil and i didn't realize this but this game

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actually like they cut out a upc and stuck it to the back of the box so this

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is running too fast but it's the way that i've always known it what else do

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we have here mega drive fantasy star 2 road rash 3 sonic and knuckles

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castlevania 64 which is we won't talk about that too much diddy

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kong racing goldeneye 007 perfect dark resident evil 2 and starbucks 64. let's

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play super mario rpg why not so these are the actual saves that were pulled

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off of this cartridge running on this emulator we don't need to run the

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original console anymore we don't need to worry about wearing out the cartridge

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or anything like that we don't even need to worry about the save data being corrupted thanks to a failing battery

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carlo level 30 was the last saved mario

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so let's go ahead and see what carlo was up to i never really got this as a kid

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but yoster isle is a play on easter island input lag seems okay i mean this

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tv might be adding some it is in game mode uh it's probably not as good as original

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but for a game actually super mario rpg has time kits

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wow pink still won even after i tried to stop it let's try something else i guess

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fantasy star is kind of interesting it's the beginning of a series that i really

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like uh it's not a super great game but it is impressive for its time

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let's go to beans this is very dragon questy so like you got the first person

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battles yeah it all basically looks like this the neatest thing is that i'm

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playing it on a raspberry pi even though like i didn't download it from the

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internet i grabbed it off of the cartridge itself now a couple of my

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games sadly their saves are dead so fantasy star 2 here there was no save on

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that i don't know if the battery is still good or not i think it tested okay

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with a multimeter but i'm not 100 on that so they might have just wiped the

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saves sonic 3 though the uh

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f RAM chip on that is dead it just blows my mind like these games i didn't

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download them they're in the bin right over there Linus only really provided this

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it is a valuable game it's valued at 299 canadian can it detect fake cartridges

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if the cartridge is a fake in that it's like been a flashed eeprom then yes

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because if you try to read it in a traditional sense it'll be

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weird like it's not reading the original chips one of the things that it can

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actually do is write eeproms so if you've got one of those reproductions

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you can actually change what game is on it and that reminds me this has a

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function to write save data i can't just ignore that can i we've already got the

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save files backed up anyway so there's no big loss if for example i

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were to overwrite the saves on this cartridge here we go super mario rpg.srm

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sram writing finished

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that's a lot of bytes that did not verify oh no

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when i was testing this i happened to notice that the battery inside tested

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okay i took apart the cartridge Linus doesn't know about this the idea being

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that if it was like bad then i would replace it however it looks like the

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sram chips in this cartridge may actually be bad

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the save data i put on there were just a bunch of games that said lttstore.com

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but unfortunately it looks like this cartridge needs more love than i can

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give it right now at first when i was loading the saves up on this to test

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there were like six or seven bytes that didn't verify and i was going to oh look

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this is one of the reasons why you need to make sure that you you know to take

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care of your cartridges but it looks like the sram chip has mostly failed at

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this point which is sad

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i was gonna power it up and we'd see lttstore.com and we'd all laugh now it's

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just a sad tale of a game that's really valuable but needs repairs and

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this is why backing up your games is important having the ability to take the

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information that you have on here whether it's the information that was

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originally on the rom because the realms themselves can die too or the

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information that you put on the sram it's it's just for the sake of

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preservation of either your effort or somebody else's that you paid for

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dumping your cartridges just makes sense now here's a huge disclaimer

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i am not a lawyer so when i say that we're doing all of this legally i'm

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talking about the precedents we've seen so far nintendo likes to argue that the

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games you purchase are not licensed for use without the original hardware but

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the harsh reality for them is that format shifting that is the act of

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taking content from one piece of media like a game cartridge and transferring

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it to another like an sd card is provided for by most countries copyright

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laws there are specific exemptions in the

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dmca for bypassing copy protection for these exact purposes now just because

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this is technically legal isn't to say that nintendo has no valid concerns

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about piracy from the nes all the way to the n64 game copiers have existed on the

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grey market and were often used by piracy groups looking either to release

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games onto the early internet or sell them in emerging markets where nintendo

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had less of a foothold if you've ever seen one of those million in one

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cartridges floating around then that's the kind of thing that i'm talking about

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these devices became so popular that some copiers like this special partner

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here for the snes even included extra features like crude save states and

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onboard memory that kept up to seven games ready to play so you didn't have to swap the diskettes they relied on

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every time because these devices themselves weren't illegal nintendo

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couldn't do much to stop their sale but they and many developers created clever

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copy protection schemes that used these extra features to detect when they were

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being played on something other than the original cartridges in mild cases they

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would simply throw up an error but some games altered gameplay to make it

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impossible to progress including deleting your saves earthbound famously

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does this at the last boss game freezes reset all your saves are gone thankfully

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technology has advanced a lot since the 90s which is why Linus actually rebuilt

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his game gear with modern parts so go over and watch it after this one and

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thanks to massive efforts like those throughout the retro gaming community we

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not only have reliable ways to read games from cartridges but we also have

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those databases of known good checksums to match against so we can verify the

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data big thanks to them for making all of this possible and for everyone in the

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future who will inevitably make it possible for people to save their nintendo switch games and beyond oh and

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big thanks again to oracle for sponsoring this video you're sort of supposed to have this up for pi day but

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so instead i'll talk to you about their oracle cloud infrastructure which makes

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deploying and managing infrastructure as code easier than ever for example the

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oci resource manager simplifies control of your terraform configuration and you

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can use the visual oci designer toolkit to make them from scratch if you prefer

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to write iac with a more familiar language pollumi for oci allows you to

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code in typescript python go or c-sharp looking for iic and configuration

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management in a single tool with oci modules for ansible you're able to

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create playbooks that can build infrastructure and apply configurations

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seamlessly from the same tool and if you're looking to integrate infrastructure management capabilities

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into your application ecosystem check out any one of the available oci sdks

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you can choose from java python typescript and javascript go.net and

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ruby learn more and get started today using the links below

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thanks for watching guys this one was a bit different so go check out our video

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on how gaming on a mac isn't crazy anymore you can totally get your roms

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going on a mac and they'll run great too or

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the game gear video if that's already up