1 00:00:00,120 --> 00:00:07,680 after 10 days of construction our brand new EMC chamber is done I can't wait to 2 00:00:05,440 --> 00:00:11,280 show this to you guys watch this here's all the wireless networks that are 3 00:00:09,519 --> 00:00:16,680 around here they just closed the door behind us but it takes about uh 5 4 00:00:14,559 --> 00:00:20,519 seconds for your phone to go oh oh no actually I can't see any of those 5 00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:28,320 anymore and then maybe a couple more seconds and it's going to go huh I got 6 00:00:23,560 --> 00:00:30,519 absolutely nothing zip zilch NADA this 7 00:00:28,320 --> 00:00:34,960 is going to open up a whole new world of testing that would have been completely 8 00:00:32,360 --> 00:00:39,120 impossible for us before like how good is the reception on the latest iPhone is 9 00:00:37,200 --> 00:00:43,920 your new TV making your controllers disconnect is your ISP provided Wi-Fi 10 00:00:41,559 --> 00:00:48,199 router really so bad you have to replace it with one of these but wait a second 11 00:00:46,480 --> 00:00:52,480 you might think why would you spend weeks and thousands of dollars building 12 00:00:50,640 --> 00:00:57,920 this when you could just follow this simple guide from Frank Tano on building 13 00:00:54,440 --> 00:00:59,640 a Wi-Fi blocking sleep thing and just do 14 00:00:57,920 --> 00:01:04,159 all your testing in there and the thing is you're not entirely wrong I mean in 15 00:01:02,399 --> 00:01:08,920 science class we all learned that to block electromagnetic waves it's as 16 00:01:06,439 --> 00:01:13,640 simple as wrapping an object or space and conductive material grounding it and 17 00:01:11,720 --> 00:01:19,200 you got a faraday cage it's essentially what this is but watch this if I stick 18 00:01:17,280 --> 00:01:25,320 this tiny wire through this hole I'm going to go from 19 00:01:20,680 --> 00:01:28,240 -30 DB to more like - 70 how is that 20 00:01:25,320 --> 00:01:34,880 even possible the door still closed I'm still inside a faraday cage 21 00:01:31,280 --> 00:01:36,920 well here's the thing while every 22 00:01:34,880 --> 00:01:43,799 electromagnetically shielded enclosure is a faraday cage not every Faraday cage 23 00:01:40,360 --> 00:01:45,600 is a shielded enclosure and depending on 24 00:01:43,799 --> 00:01:50,439 the purpose of the cage there are numerous design considerations that must 25 00:01:48,320 --> 00:01:54,920 be accounted for let's say the purpose of our cage was to protect an occupant 26 00:01:52,360 --> 00:01:59,119 from a lightning strike well a grounded Box made of chain link fence would do 27 00:01:56,799 --> 00:02:03,600 the job nicely but the radio waves that we rely on for cellular signals Wi-Fi 28 00:02:01,680 --> 00:02:07,520 and Bluetooth they would have no trouble at all passing through that and the 29 00:02:05,479 --> 00:02:11,760 higher the frequency or the shorter the wavelength of these signals the more 30 00:02:09,599 --> 00:02:16,040 challenging they are to block and we saw this in action back when we bought those 31 00:02:13,319 --> 00:02:20,680 silly radiation blocking Wi-Fi router enclosures on Amazon even though they 32 00:02:17,879 --> 00:02:24,120 used a relatively fine mesh and they did reduce our signal strength they still 33 00:02:22,360 --> 00:02:28,840 allowed our Wi-Fi to function meaning that a ton of EMF was still getting 34 00:02:26,400 --> 00:02:32,879 through in that case that was a good thing because a WI router with no signal 35 00:02:31,000 --> 00:02:38,120 at all wouldn't be very useful but for an EMC chamber any leakage from the 36 00:02:35,840 --> 00:02:42,480 noisy environment around it is going to completely invalidate our test results 37 00:02:40,560 --> 00:02:46,200 thankfully our unit isn't cobbled together out of office paper holders but 38 00:02:44,360 --> 00:02:51,440 rather was installed personally by the owner of Raymond EMC whose encyclopedic 39 00:02:49,840 --> 00:02:56,480 knowledge of these things has been incredible helping us learn why sorry 40 00:02:54,319 --> 00:03:04,080 prepper YouTube building a proper shielded test chamber is a lot more 41 00:02:59,200 --> 00:03:08,159 complicated than this or this or this or 42 00:03:04,080 --> 00:03:09,760 this segue to our sponsor Raymond EMC I 43 00:03:08,159 --> 00:03:15,000 actually didn't know at the time that I was filming it that they sponsored this 44 00:03:11,799 --> 00:03:16,440 video by giving us the whole RF chamber 45 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:21,319 and they didn't mention that when I was talking to them whatever it doesn't matter the point is they did so make 46 00:03:19,519 --> 00:03:25,319 extra sure to go and check them out after this video if you need a shielded 47 00:03:23,080 --> 00:03:31,640 enclosure and a coic chamber or a shielded tent the point of my wire in 48 00:03:28,280 --> 00:03:33,760 the hole demo was to show you guys that 49 00:03:31,640 --> 00:03:39,000 when you want to eliminate background electromagnetic interference the devil's 50 00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:41,560 in the details I mean sure any piece of 51 00:03:39,000 --> 00:03:45,280 metal that stands in its way can be a barrier for an electromagnetic wave 52 00:03:43,560 --> 00:03:50,080 that's why we always recommend placing your wireless router away from metal 53 00:03:47,480 --> 00:03:54,599 objects because the wave strikes them a current is induced and the wave ends up 54 00:03:52,120 --> 00:03:59,040 more canceled than Kanye West the tricky part is that if you want to get all of 55 00:03:56,560 --> 00:04:05,200 them the electrical charge of the entire enclosure needs to be homogeneous AKA 56 00:04:02,879 --> 00:04:09,200 there can be no holes or cracks that means that this tinfoil hat then is only 57 00:04:07,760 --> 00:04:14,760 marginally more useful for blocking electromagnetic waves than this regular 58 00:04:11,760 --> 00:04:17,160 one from LTT Store.com and only one of 59 00:04:14,760 --> 00:04:21,639 its problems is that it's not grounded so then shielded enclosure Step One is 60 00:04:19,519 --> 00:04:26,080 connecting it to ground but even that is easier said than done for starters I was 61 00:04:24,280 --> 00:04:32,039 2 weeks ago old when I found out that our floor in here simply isn't flat 62 00:04:28,720 --> 00:04:35,120 enough sure fing so we needed to pour a 63 00:04:32,039 --> 00:04:37,840 thin concrete slab on top of that is a 6 64 00:04:35,120 --> 00:04:42,240 mm poly Vapor Barrier and then we get into the real Biz starting with a 1/8 in 65 00:04:40,680 --> 00:04:47,080 Masonite board that acts as an electrical insulator between the 66 00:04:44,199 --> 00:04:50,919 enclosure itself and the floor then from the enclosure we connect the single 67 00:04:49,000 --> 00:04:55,080 point ground stud directly to the ground of our electrical panel which wait a 68 00:04:52,960 --> 00:04:59,759 minute why do we care about insulating the chamber if we're just going to 69 00:04:56,759 --> 00:05:01,880 ground it anyway ah if we let the en 70 00:04:59,759 --> 00:05:06,360 closure touch the concrete directly we could end up with multiple paths to 71 00:05:04,000 --> 00:05:12,120 ground that could cause Eddy currents and turn the entire enclosure into an 72 00:05:08,400 --> 00:05:14,479 antenna which obviously not ideal from 73 00:05:12,120 --> 00:05:20,759 there the enclosure is basically a box made of wood panels with steel sheet on 74 00:05:17,280 --> 00:05:23,280 either side but joining them together is 75 00:05:20,759 --> 00:05:29,800 more complicated than it looks every single one of these screws needs to be 76 00:05:25,639 --> 00:05:32,639 torqued exactly to spec and if it isn't 77 00:05:29,800 --> 00:05:38,080 the minute gaps between threads can be a path for electromagnetic waves to get 78 00:05:34,639 --> 00:05:40,800 through and this is not just theoretical 79 00:05:38,080 --> 00:05:44,600 paranoia on ours there was a single screw that wasn't tightened exactly the 80 00:05:42,680 --> 00:05:49,199 same as the others and the enclosure failed the 18 GHz test fortunately these 81 00:05:47,800 --> 00:05:52,960 guys are pros and they were able to quickly track down the Rogue screw and 82 00:05:51,080 --> 00:05:57,759 tighten it so with all the panels tightened together we now have a 83 00:05:55,360 --> 00:06:02,280 properly constructed steel box but this is where things get really complicated 84 00:06:00,360 --> 00:06:08,440 how do you put a door in something like this I am so glad you asked back to our 85 00:06:06,800 --> 00:06:13,000 point from earlier if all we were trying to do is make a faraday cage we could 86 00:06:10,440 --> 00:06:17,960 just run a single wire from this door to the enclosure and we're good but if we 87 00:06:15,639 --> 00:06:22,680 want the whole thing to be homogeneously bonded we need to get a little fancier 88 00:06:20,479 --> 00:06:28,000 what you're looking at right here is a brass knife edge that goes into a 89 00:06:25,160 --> 00:06:34,039 brilliant copper contact frame this ensures that the entire door panel acts 90 00:06:31,120 --> 00:06:38,479 like any other panel of the Box rather than allowing excess charge to build up 91 00:06:36,000 --> 00:06:44,080 on one side of it compared to the other and check this out outside handle made 92 00:06:41,000 --> 00:06:46,479 of metal nice and strong inside handle 93 00:06:44,080 --> 00:06:50,120 made of fiberglass because if it was metal it could potentially become a 94 00:06:48,160 --> 00:06:55,039 reflector and screw with our test results at least in theory how exactly 95 00:06:53,000 --> 00:06:57,759 do we know that it works well first we need to make sure we're properly 96 00:06:56,120 --> 00:07:02,479 hydrated by taking a drink from this fantastic insulated water bottle LTT 97 00:06:59,599 --> 00:07:08,680 store.com then we need to mosey over to this fancy Spectrum analyzer and Signal 98 00:07:05,199 --> 00:07:11,160 generator that costs I'm sorry 99 00:07:08,680 --> 00:07:14,840 $100,000 don't drop it what's really wild is that the guys from Raymond EMC 100 00:07:13,280 --> 00:07:20,879 were actually saying that these kinds of tools have become much less expensive in 101 00:07:17,720 --> 00:07:22,120 recent years yikes I'm really glad I 102 00:07:20,879 --> 00:07:27,759 don't need to buy one of these I can just use theirs while they're here so what we're looking at right now is the 103 00:07:25,280 --> 00:07:31,319 signal generator is creating a 1 GHz signal I'm pointing this antenna at it 104 00:07:29,560 --> 00:07:37,199 and it clearly shows up on our Spectrum analyzer now if Alex closes the door 105 00:07:34,360 --> 00:07:42,520 you'll be able to see that boom that Peak completely goes away that means the 106 00:07:40,280 --> 00:07:48,199 system works now we were asking the Raymond DMC guys if they had any crazier 107 00:07:44,680 --> 00:07:50,000 demos than this and they were like well 108 00:07:48,199 --> 00:07:55,400 here's the thing imagine that the chamber is like brakes on a car this 109 00:07:52,800 --> 00:08:00,520 right here that's your speeding car and now the car is stopped like really 110 00:07:57,240 --> 00:08:02,639 really really well oh okay fair enough 111 00:08:00,520 --> 00:08:06,000 good demo then so now we've got a sealed steel enclosure that blocks 112 00:08:03,960 --> 00:08:11,520 electromagnetic waves and we can get in and out of it cool the next problem is 113 00:08:09,120 --> 00:08:16,240 that we need to put some holes in it for things like data power and making sure 114 00:08:14,280 --> 00:08:20,360 that the occupants can breathe now on the surface the data part is relatively 115 00:08:18,400 --> 00:08:26,599 straightforward we obviously can't use copper wires so we'll be running fiber 116 00:08:22,759 --> 00:08:28,599 optic cable easy what's not easy is that 117 00:08:26,599 --> 00:08:33,200 we need to put it through a very specifically design designed hole called 118 00:08:30,800 --> 00:08:38,279 a wave guide now clearly this hole is going to let some electromagnetic 119 00:08:35,039 --> 00:08:40,760 radiation through like we can see light 120 00:08:38,279 --> 00:08:45,640 through it for example but by making the length exactly four times longer than 121 00:08:43,159 --> 00:08:49,600 the diameter of the hole we can stop any frequencies that have a wavelength a 122 00:08:47,480 --> 00:08:54,160 quarter of the diameter of the hole which is good right yeah right because 123 00:08:51,800 --> 00:08:58,120 they will reflect and bounce in the wave guide and cancel themselves out not 124 00:08:56,640 --> 00:09:01,760 impressed yet now that you've got all the background let's do the demo from 125 00:08:59,800 --> 00:09:05,920 the beginning again you can see here the chamber is working as intended nothing 126 00:09:03,680 --> 00:09:12,120 is showing up on the Spectrum analyzer I stick my copper wire through here and 127 00:09:08,279 --> 00:09:14,839 boom whole day ruined but if I take that 128 00:09:12,120 --> 00:09:20,760 out and I put this plastic zip tie through here no problem at all I hope 129 00:09:17,360 --> 00:09:23,680 yes so Fiber Optic Cables properly 130 00:09:20,760 --> 00:09:28,519 engineered hole we got this with data taken care of now it's time to talk 131 00:09:25,320 --> 00:09:30,839 about power and I got to confess I was 132 00:09:28,519 --> 00:09:34,560 not sure how we were going to get AC power running in here without bunging up 133 00:09:32,800 --> 00:09:39,040 all of our test results so let's take a closer look noting very importantly that 134 00:09:37,279 --> 00:09:42,120 this is temporary these are just hacked up extension cables and our 135 00:09:40,519 --> 00:09:48,200 electrician's going to come and run conduit from our panel back there over 136 00:09:44,600 --> 00:09:50,920 to this box where the magic happens this 137 00:09:48,200 --> 00:09:55,240 is basically a power filter on the electrical connection that goes into our 138 00:09:52,839 --> 00:10:01,079 chamber uses a capacitor and an inductor that are spec to allow low frequencies 139 00:09:58,240 --> 00:10:06,000 to pass through the 60 HZ AC from the wall but as the frequency increases the 140 00:10:04,120 --> 00:10:11,440 capacitor and the inductor are going to clamp down and remove them making sure 141 00:10:08,440 --> 00:10:13,760 that only the bits we want get through 142 00:10:11,440 --> 00:10:19,160 finally we need to get some fresh air in here since sadly the lab isn't run by 143 00:10:15,760 --> 00:10:21,120 robots yet and the way these work is 144 00:10:19,160 --> 00:10:25,240 actually pretty similar to the wave guide that we showed you guys for the 145 00:10:22,519 --> 00:10:29,839 fiber except instead of a small handful of holes it's many many holes don't 146 00:10:28,279 --> 00:10:34,200 worry I got my prompter right here here so up here you're looking at a matrix of 147 00:10:32,120 --> 00:10:38,720 hexagons that are stacked on top of each other that will prevent anything below 148 00:10:36,040 --> 00:10:42,519 32 GHz from getting through this will be great for most of what we'll be testing 149 00:10:40,279 --> 00:10:46,279 to start but seriously you guys are given us the upsell already we're going 150 00:10:44,279 --> 00:10:50,200 to need to upgrade some of these components if we want to measure 151 00:10:47,720 --> 00:10:53,560 millimeter 5G in the future assuming that anyone ever actually starts caring 152 00:10:51,920 --> 00:10:57,399 about cellular signals that can be blocked by a piece of paper to recap 153 00:10:55,639 --> 00:11:02,279 then we've got a steel box that doesn't let radio waves in or out that's good 154 00:11:00,279 --> 00:11:06,760 but the problem is that if we just have normal steel walls inside the signals 155 00:11:04,760 --> 00:11:11,639 will be bouncing around creating a bunch of modes and nodes or constructive and 156 00:11:09,639 --> 00:11:15,000 deconstructive interference with those bouncing around there would be no way to 157 00:11:13,480 --> 00:11:19,279 know if we were measuring the device itself or Its Reflection off the ceiling 158 00:11:17,480 --> 00:11:23,680 or the wall or the floor or some combination of the three to stop our 159 00:11:21,160 --> 00:11:28,360 test from interfering with our test then the walls are lined with these These are 160 00:11:26,079 --> 00:11:33,440 carbon impregnated polyethylene panels from TDK that were imported all the way 161 00:11:30,519 --> 00:11:39,399 from Japan how these work is that carbon is a conductor but kind of a bad one so 162 00:11:37,360 --> 00:11:44,160 when the electromagnetic waves hit the carbon it creates an impedance and the 163 00:11:41,920 --> 00:11:48,200 energy gets turned into heat now this does mean that we can't put any super 164 00:11:46,000 --> 00:11:52,440 high power radio antennas in there the panels would either melt or light on 165 00:11:50,000 --> 00:11:56,160 fire or maybe both but since there are no plans to run a local radio station 166 00:11:54,160 --> 00:12:00,000 out of our RF chamber I think we should be okay all this effort will create a 167 00:11:58,399 --> 00:12:03,760 quiet Zone in the middle of the room where we'll be able to accurately test 168 00:12:02,079 --> 00:12:07,959 all kinds of things once our gear arrives specifically we're going to 169 00:12:05,320 --> 00:12:12,000 start with phones using a fire cell 4G 5G lab kit that simulates a mobile 170 00:12:10,320 --> 00:12:17,199 network for all you big nerds out there by the way the chamber was designed to 171 00:12:13,920 --> 00:12:19,040 comply with I e299 just like this segue 172 00:12:17,199 --> 00:12:24,000 complies with the association for Segway standardization 173 00:12:20,360 --> 00:12:26,079 4.20 segue Raymond DMC once again again 174 00:12:24,000 --> 00:12:31,399 huge thanks guys for getting us the RF chamber and look it has a floor now so 175 00:12:29,320 --> 00:12:35,240 if you need a shielded enclosure EMC chamber and a cook chamber or any of the 176 00:12:33,480 --> 00:12:38,800 parts that go into them they're super good at answering your questions they 177 00:12:36,800 --> 00:12:43,120 even have mobile enclosures if you need RF shielding when you're on the go so 178 00:12:40,920 --> 00:12:47,000 check them out down below if you guys enjoyed this video maybe you'll enjoy 179 00:12:44,920 --> 00:12:51,880 the one on our first attempts to buy an RF chamber that is still garbage in our 180 00:12:50,079 --> 00:12:56,399 warehouse thank you look at me I'm Pyramid Head gross