WEBVTT 00:00:00.200 --> 00:00:03.500 We sent a crew halfway around the globe 00:00:03.500 --> 00:00:05.720 to Jönköping, Sweden. 00:00:05.720 --> 00:00:07.820 Why would we do that, you might ask? 00:00:07.820 --> 00:00:12.160 To take a look at the world's fastest internet connection, 00:00:12.160 --> 00:00:17.160 a whopping 1.6 terabits per second at DreamHack 2018. 00:00:17.820 --> 00:00:20.200 To put that kind of speed into context, 00:00:20.200 --> 00:00:24.840 that is fast enough that everyone in St. John's, Newfoundland 00:00:24.840 --> 00:00:27.960 could stream high-definition video at the same time 00:00:27.960 --> 00:00:31.360 and to download PUBG at that full speed 00:00:31.360 --> 00:00:35.190 would take only 1 16th of a second. 00:00:35.190 --> 00:00:37.070 They set this up in part to make sure 00:00:37.070 --> 00:00:39.930 that the over 6,000 people connected to their network 00:00:39.930 --> 00:00:42.130 have a great gaming experience, 00:00:42.130 --> 00:00:46.810 but also because, of course, Mondo bragging rights. 00:00:46.810 --> 00:00:51.110 So let's have a look at the gear and setup involved 00:00:51.110 --> 00:00:54.090 and give a big shout out to ComHem 00:00:54.090 --> 00:01:06.320 for sponsoring this video. 00:01:06.320 --> 00:01:07.120 So how do you get 00:01:07.120 --> 00:01:09.920 1.6 terabits per second? 00:01:09.920 --> 00:01:13.100 You might think that you'd need a massive honking cable 00:01:13.100 --> 00:01:15.000 like the size of my face 00:01:15.000 --> 00:01:18.060 with all of the internet getting crammed through it, 00:01:18.060 --> 00:01:22.700 but in reality, it's way smaller and way smarter. 00:01:22.700 --> 00:01:25.580 This tiny yellow cable right here 00:01:25.580 --> 00:01:28.160 is responsible for the whole shebang. 00:01:28.160 --> 00:01:31.560 It's just a regular, everyday fiber cable, 00:01:31.560 --> 00:01:36.140 but within it, there are eight different wavelengths of light 00:01:36.140 --> 00:01:37.100 each capable of 00:01:37.120 --> 00:01:40.020 200 gigabit per second. 00:01:40.020 --> 00:01:43.260 When the cable enters the transmission system here, 00:01:43.260 --> 00:01:46.960 it is split off using a combination of passive, 00:01:46.960 --> 00:01:49.040 i.e. mirrors and lenses, 00:01:49.040 --> 00:01:51.600 and active signal manipulation 00:01:51.600 --> 00:01:53.820 to split the different wavelengths apart 00:01:53.820 --> 00:01:55.540 into more conventional signals. 00:01:55.540 --> 00:01:58.940 These signals are carried through this larger wire, 00:01:58.940 --> 00:02:01.500 which contains 16 fibers, 00:02:01.500 --> 00:02:05.840 and then they're split apart into individual fibers here. 00:02:05.840 --> 00:02:06.680 From there, 00:02:06.680 --> 00:02:09.120 the signal undergoes another splitting 00:02:09.120 --> 00:02:12.540 and is turned into 100 gig purple fibers 00:02:12.540 --> 00:02:14.540 that then leave the transmission system 00:02:14.540 --> 00:02:16.780 supplied by the ISP ComHem 00:02:16.780 --> 00:02:19.720 and go over to DreamHack's routers. 00:02:19.720 --> 00:02:23.240 In here, the signal is mirrored to allow monitoring, 00:02:23.240 --> 00:02:24.420 and then it gets sent off 00:02:24.420 --> 00:02:29.440 to one of the 23 distribution switches around the floor. 00:02:29.440 --> 00:02:33.460 Now, up until now, the signal has been completely fiber, 00:02:33.460 --> 00:02:36.680 but it has to be turned into a regular old copper connection, 00:02:36.680 --> 00:02:39.140 for the final 20 feet or so. 00:02:39.140 --> 00:02:41.480 So that happens here. 00:02:41.480 --> 00:02:46.400 One gigabit is sent to each of the 260 access switches, 00:02:46.400 --> 00:02:49.200 where individual gamers will plug in their computers 00:02:49.200 --> 00:02:51.980 and receive 100 megabit internet. 00:02:51.980 --> 00:02:53.580 That is, unless they're baller 00:02:53.580 --> 00:02:55.680 and shelled out for the premium package. 00:02:55.680 --> 00:02:59.460 In that case, their switch will get a 10 gig uplink, 00:02:59.460 --> 00:03:00.860 and they will get provisioned 00:03:00.860 --> 00:03:04.920 a full one gigabit connection just for them. 00:03:04.920 --> 00:03:06.680 Finally, those huge PUBG updates, 00:03:06.680 --> 00:03:08.180 can be downloaded quickly. 00:03:08.180 --> 00:03:11.100 So, this is all well and good so far. 00:03:11.100 --> 00:03:13.930 Fast internet, who wouldn't want that? 00:03:13.930 --> 00:03:15.890 But where it really gets crazy 00:03:15.890 --> 00:03:18.970 is in the department of redundancy department. 00:03:18.970 --> 00:03:20.690 Each distribution switch 00:03:20.690 --> 00:03:23.770 has two physical connections to the routers, 00:03:23.770 --> 00:03:26.850 so someone could actually trip over one of the cables 00:03:26.850 --> 00:03:29.490 without anyone losing their internet connection. 00:03:29.490 --> 00:03:32.090 At most, they drop a packet or two. 00:03:32.090 --> 00:03:34.150 And if the DreamHack router 00:03:34.150 --> 00:03:36.410 that is going to all the switches fails, 00:03:36.810 --> 00:03:37.910 the game is over. 00:03:37.910 --> 00:03:39.290 And the game continues. 00:03:39.290 --> 00:03:40.170 See? 00:03:40.170 --> 00:03:41.010 No. 00:03:41.010 --> 00:03:43.190 See the two routers on the ends here? 00:03:43.190 --> 00:03:45.670 They are completely identical. 00:03:45.670 --> 00:03:47.490 Blow either one of them up, 00:03:47.490 --> 00:03:49.470 and the game shall continue. 00:03:49.470 --> 00:03:51.490 And it doesn't even stop there. 00:03:51.490 --> 00:03:53.710 That 1.6 terabit wire. 00:03:53.710 --> 00:03:56.850 It first travels to a data center in Yon-Shaping, 00:03:56.850 --> 00:04:00.410 where it gets split into two 800 gig fibers 00:04:00.410 --> 00:04:03.250 that separately travel to Stockholm. 00:04:03.250 --> 00:04:06.210 So, if you cut one of those wires, 00:04:06.210 --> 00:04:08.210 you get 1.6 terabit, 00:04:08.210 --> 00:04:12.110 because those data centers are also connected together. 00:04:12.110 --> 00:04:15.310 So, you would have to literally blow one of them up 00:04:15.310 --> 00:04:19.740 to drop this to a piddly 800 gigabit. 00:04:19.740 --> 00:04:23.060 But of course, all of those things could go wrong, 00:04:23.060 --> 00:04:26.780 or someone could just cut the main cable here. 00:04:26.780 --> 00:04:27.780 Do it. 00:04:27.780 --> 00:04:29.740 Do it. I dare you. 00:04:29.740 --> 00:04:32.080 And even if that happened, 00:04:32.080 --> 00:04:34.660 just 45 milliseconds later, 00:04:34.660 --> 00:04:36.360 the routers will have failed over, 00:04:36.360 --> 00:04:39.400 to the four 10 gig fiber cables, 00:04:39.400 --> 00:04:41.960 which also take two different routes 00:04:41.960 --> 00:04:44.080 to the main data center in Stockholm, 00:04:44.080 --> 00:04:46.580 making it basically impossible 00:04:46.580 --> 00:04:50.720 to fully take the internet away from this LAN party. 00:04:50.720 --> 00:04:53.580 All right, so now we've got internet into all the switches, 00:04:53.580 --> 00:04:56.300 but every single one of the routers and switches 00:04:56.300 --> 00:04:57.800 needs to be configured. 00:04:57.800 --> 00:04:59.630 And at this scale, 00:04:59.630 --> 00:05:04.350 manually configurating each switch would take an eternity. 00:05:04.350 --> 00:05:06.810 And even things you wouldn't normally think about, 00:05:06.810 --> 00:05:11.090 like running out of IP addresses become big issues. 00:05:11.090 --> 00:05:13.290 So to address this, 00:05:14.730 --> 00:05:16.170 oh, I'm sorry. 00:05:16.170 --> 00:05:18.790 All of the switches are dynamically configured 00:05:18.790 --> 00:05:22.390 via an automated deployment system based on DHCP, 00:05:22.390 --> 00:05:24.430 TFTP and Python, 00:05:24.430 --> 00:05:26.670 so that it's basically plug and play. 00:05:26.670 --> 00:05:29.710 They're also using a monitoring software called Prometheus. 00:05:29.710 --> 00:05:31.410 So if a switch goes down, 00:05:31.410 --> 00:05:33.970 they don't just know that one has stopped working, 00:05:33.970 --> 00:05:35.910 they also know it's physical location in the building. 00:05:35.910 --> 00:05:36.870 They also know it's physical location in the building. 00:05:36.870 --> 00:05:39.670 And they're using a front end called Grafana 00:05:39.670 --> 00:05:42.130 that creates graphs for tracking things like 00:05:42.130 --> 00:05:44.030 total hours played in each game, 00:05:44.030 --> 00:05:45.610 what domains are used the most, 00:05:45.610 --> 00:05:49.770 and the total network usage at any moment. 00:05:49.770 --> 00:05:52.510 So we figured out how they solved the problem 00:05:52.510 --> 00:05:55.910 of getting internet to the 6,000 or so participants. 00:05:55.910 --> 00:05:59.110 But every computer, monitor and RGB strip 00:05:59.110 --> 00:06:00.910 has to be powered as well. 00:06:00.910 --> 00:06:05.370 And all of those combined draw a massive one megawatt 00:06:05.370 --> 00:06:06.710 or one megawatt. 00:06:06.870 --> 00:06:10.030 A million watts of power. 00:06:10.030 --> 00:06:12.950 And the fancy stages that showcase the best gamers 00:06:12.950 --> 00:06:14.490 and musical performances, 00:06:14.490 --> 00:06:16.890 well, they gobble up another megawatt. 00:06:16.890 --> 00:06:19.550 So some pretty serious gear has to be deployed 00:06:19.550 --> 00:06:23.490 to make sure that someone with a 7980XE or a Threadripper 00:06:23.490 --> 00:06:27.030 doesn't hit Cinebench and make the whole place go dark. 00:06:27.030 --> 00:06:30.150 So three 10 kilovolt lines come in 00:06:30.150 --> 00:06:35.150 and get transformed down to 400 volts and about 1,500 amps. 00:06:35.150 --> 00:06:37.970 Then they enter this room right here 00:06:37.970 --> 00:06:40.930 or one of the other nine just like it. 00:06:40.930 --> 00:06:45.210 From here, it is split up into 400 volt, 400 amp lines 00:06:45.210 --> 00:06:48.050 that run to the various sub-central distribution centers 00:06:48.050 --> 00:06:51.470 or 400 volt rails along the ceiling 00:06:51.470 --> 00:06:54.910 where it gets fed into a box that can handle 63 amps. 00:06:54.910 --> 00:06:56.450 These power distribution boxes 00:06:56.450 --> 00:06:58.770 were actually custom made for DreamHack. 00:06:58.770 --> 00:07:01.350 And the older ones can handle two rows of lanterns 00:07:01.350 --> 00:07:04.110 while the new ones, largely due to computers 00:07:04.110 --> 00:07:05.030 and especially monitors, can handle two rows of lanterns. 00:07:05.030 --> 00:07:05.870 And the older ones, largely due to computers 00:07:05.870 --> 00:07:07.450 getting more energy efficient since the event started, 00:07:07.450 --> 00:07:09.430 can handle three rows. 00:07:09.430 --> 00:07:11.570 These are also secured with RCD 00:07:11.570 --> 00:07:13.690 so that if leaking current is detected, 00:07:13.690 --> 00:07:15.510 let's say someone puts their finger in a socket 00:07:15.510 --> 00:07:17.130 or spills Coke on a power bar, 00:07:17.130 --> 00:07:19.290 the power is immediately cut to the group 00:07:19.290 --> 00:07:20.550 so no one gets hurt 00:07:20.550 --> 00:07:23.970 and a maximum of only eight computers will go down. 00:07:23.970 --> 00:07:26.530 But what happens if you aren't fortunate enough 00:07:26.530 --> 00:07:28.030 to make it to Sweden for the LAN, 00:07:28.030 --> 00:07:29.630 but you still wanna watch the eSports 00:07:29.630 --> 00:07:31.710 that are all going on at the same time? 00:07:31.710 --> 00:07:33.870 That's where DreamHack's very smart 00:07:33.870 --> 00:07:34.890 and also kind of jammed 00:07:34.890 --> 00:07:37.650 and yank completely custom broadcasting server 00:07:37.650 --> 00:07:38.870 comes into play. 00:07:38.870 --> 00:07:41.950 So instead of running a traditional broadcasting server 00:07:41.950 --> 00:07:44.070 and mixer combination, 00:07:44.070 --> 00:07:48.350 all of the video and audio streams go into a video hub, 00:07:48.350 --> 00:07:51.590 a video mixer and several rendering servers 00:07:51.590 --> 00:07:53.210 that are behind me right now. 00:07:53.210 --> 00:07:55.590 And then everything can be switched 00:07:55.590 --> 00:07:57.770 and configured over the network. 00:07:57.770 --> 00:07:59.950 This allows for some really cool things 00:07:59.950 --> 00:08:03.350 like being able to switch inputs from basically anywhere 00:08:03.350 --> 00:08:04.790 so that they can be manipulated 00:08:04.790 --> 00:08:06.810 from the dedicated mixers here 00:08:06.810 --> 00:08:10.970 or by Raspberry Pis placed wherever they're needed. 00:08:10.970 --> 00:08:13.050 There's also an in-game observing team 00:08:13.050 --> 00:08:15.050 that has access to a delayed feed, 00:08:15.050 --> 00:08:16.730 allowing them to show important moments 00:08:16.730 --> 00:08:19.370 from several angles instant replay style. 00:08:19.370 --> 00:08:22.590 Since they've built a custom solution using Casper CG, 00:08:22.590 --> 00:08:24.470 they're able to do other cool integrations 00:08:24.470 --> 00:08:26.470 using data from the game engine as well 00:08:26.470 --> 00:08:28.070 so they can create graphics 00:08:28.070 --> 00:08:29.470 that show things like player health, 00:08:29.470 --> 00:08:32.730 what weapon they're using or the timer on the bomb. 00:08:32.730 --> 00:08:34.790 These additionally are hooked up to the stage, 00:08:34.790 --> 00:08:39.310 so the lights, screens and even the pyrotechnics 00:08:39.310 --> 00:08:40.930 like for when the bomb goes off 00:08:40.930 --> 00:08:43.610 are all automagically synced. 00:08:43.610 --> 00:08:47.130 So it's been really cool to see all of the custom work 00:08:47.130 --> 00:08:50.310 that goes into making a massive event like this tick 00:08:50.310 --> 00:08:52.550 from the fastest internet connection in the world 00:08:52.550 --> 00:08:56.670 to smaller things like the ability to easily mute a host. 00:08:56.670 --> 00:08:58.410 And I hope you guys have enjoyed it. 00:08:58.410 --> 00:09:00.250 So huge thanks to you for watching 00:09:00.250 --> 00:09:02.390 and a massive shout out to ComHem 00:09:02.390 --> 00:09:04.610 for allowing us to be here to cover it. 00:09:04.790 --> 00:09:11.500 So if you guys disliked this video, 00:09:11.500 --> 00:09:12.920 you can hit that button, but if you liked it, 00:09:12.920 --> 00:09:13.960 hit like, get subscribed 00:09:13.960 --> 00:09:16.440 or maybe consider checking out where to buy the stuff, 00:09:16.440 --> 00:09:18.200 a 10 dream hack in the future 00:09:18.200 --> 00:09:19.820 at the link in the video description. 00:09:19.820 --> 00:09:21.120 Also down there is our merch store 00:09:21.120 --> 00:09:22.600 which has cool shirts like this one 00:09:22.600 --> 00:09:25.480 and our community forum, which you should totally join.