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although we still haven't gotten pci express 5.0 devices in our hot little

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hands yet believe it or not the PCIe 6.0

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specification has already been released and as you may have guessed it's

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insanely fast at 126 gigabytes per

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second one way on an x16 link it's twice as fast as 5.0 four times as fast as 4.0

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which is fairly new on the market and eight times faster than the 3.0 devices

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many of us idiots are currently using

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but how do they make it so fast and more importantly does it have real

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relevance for you the home user or is it just overkill to find out we spoke with

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debendra dash sharma an Intel fellow in their data platforms group and we'd like

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to thank him for lending his time and expertise so unsurprisingly pci express

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6.0 is backwards compatible with all the previous generations of PCIe but if you

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go all the way back to version 1.0 you could only get up to four gigabytes per

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second one way from an x16 slot now

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we're pushing 32 times as much data through the same link older revisions of

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pci express got faster and faster because they increased their

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transmission frequencies but it turns out you can only do this so much before

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the signal becomes super unstable it's kind of similar to how a 5 gigahertz

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Wi-Fi connection is faster than a 2.4 gig link but it's also not as stable at long

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distances so instead pci 6 uses a technique called pam4 which can actually

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carry two bits of data at the same time instead of just one unlike traditional

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signaling where one voltage represented a zero and a second voltage represented

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a one pam4 uses four different voltages and each one corresponds to either 0 0 0

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1 1 0 or 1 1 meaning twice as much data

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is sent per unit of time however shoving

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more stuff through the pipes is just like in regular life not the greatest

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idea in this case it increases the rate of errors and even with the pci special

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interest group adding a few nanoseconds of latency to reduce the error rate to

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about one bit per million that's still a lot of potential errors when you

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consider how much data flows through a typical pci express link however a few

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bytes in each chunk of data that's sent are reserved for error checking and

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correction if the receiving device sees that a packet is incorrect it can ask

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for it again using just a few bytes of data because this error correcting

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scheme is quite lightweight it only adds a very small amount of latency so this

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way pci 6.0 can operate at very high speeds without constantly losing signal

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integrity in fact it's estimated that instead of an error rate of one bit and

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a million pci 6.0 can operate with only one unfixed error every billion billion

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hours so you'll probably never have to worry about it unless you're an elf from

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middle earth but riley hold on a minute all this

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performance is fine and good but my graphics card doesn't even saturate the

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pci express slot on my computer today why should i care about this well one

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reason is that as we continue to ask for more and more out of our devices having

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the fattest pipe possible

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we'll ensure that we can do things like hit our ssds with mega size downloads

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stream 4k and 8k HDR video and keep up

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with the ever increasing demands video games put on our graphics cards all at

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the same time but going beyond just your home pc think of all the cloud services

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you utilize on a daily basis for applications from voice assistants to

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iot devices to self-driving cars well

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assuming you can afford one all these gadgets need a high bandwidth interface

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that can process data with minimal latency think of an autonomous car that

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quickly has to get data from a camera to a CPU to a 5g modem which then goes into

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a server somewhere that has to respond quickly to aid in hazard recognition and

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is also moving data around internally for machine learning that's a lot of

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data on both ends of that connection pci express 6.0 could deliver enough speed

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to make the experience seamless and maybe even tell you about an icy road

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ahead before you end up in the ditch and don't let your brain end up in the ditch

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either learn something new brilliant is a website and app that makes learning

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below alright that's it for this video guys thanks for watching like the video if

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