WEBVTT

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this is no regular pc coolant but rather

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bioluminescent coolant that you are about to watch us create with the help

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of the genetically engineered bacteria that is behind us over there

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it isn't the kind of thing you'd run in your pc 24 7 at least not exactly like

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this but the biotechnology involved blew

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my mind so let's have a chat about how we built the

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world's first bioluminescent gaming pc

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or as i call it the anglerfish

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they don't have claws it's more like teeth but minor details

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minor details like our sponsor war thunder war thunder is an online

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military vehicle combat game that's free to play and a ton of fun try it out for

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free down below today and get some special bonus items for signing up

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let's go back in time to before the anglerfish came to life though today

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we're joined by the fine folks from nioka Labs whose main area of focus is

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creating a sustainable glow stick by using bioluminescence to create the

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light instead of harsh chemicals that can seep into the environment after

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disposal in nature whether we're talking about a bacteria or a jellyfish

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bioluminescence is created by combining two main compounds luciferin and

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luciferase these are generic catch-all

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words to describe actually a wide variety of different chemicals kind of

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like how we say a battery has to have an anode and a cathode but the exact

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materials that they're made of can vary greatly the combo we're using today is

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derived from gaussian princeps a deep sea crustation that naturally glows blue

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the only challenge is that these guys wouldn't be particularly happy trapped

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inside a glow stick or your computer so instead the folks from nioka Labs take

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the natural recipe from these guys and

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then they get bacteria to fart out those same compounds that are needed to

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produce the reaction the first step of this process is locating the chunk of a

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creature's dna that is responsible for bioluminescence to find the specific

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sequence you need one protein to separate the two strands of dna and read

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a single strand creating rna the rna is

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the code that will produce another protein that will execute a function in

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the cell when bioluminescence is occurring you freeze the cell read the

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rna that's floating around in there and then you try to link it to the function

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of interest once you've figured out what bit of genetic code is responsible for

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bioluminescence you order a primer off the internet which contains short

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segments of the dna you need to make copies of along with dna segments that

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are already present in the bacteria you then take a boatload of the dna primer

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and chuck it into this guy right here the thermal cycler

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this bad boy heats up the dna to around 100 degrees celsius at which point the

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double strands separate into single strands because they can't stay together

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at such high temperatures then you just get to hope that when it

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cools back down the segments from your primer dna will bind to the regions of

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the longer dna strands that are complementary

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from here a protein comes in and repairs the dna turning that single strand back

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into a double strand and in the process adding the bit of dna code that you need

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for bioluminescence do this 20 or so

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more times and you get loads of copies of the dna that you want to put into

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your bacteria to make it glow from here you shoot all that dna into

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the bacteria essentially injecting code and the bacteria will read that code and

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create the luciferase needed for our bioluminescent reaction but enough talk

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let's do it thanks to reductions in the cost of equipment and supplies this kind

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of biological science can actually be performed at home all you will need is

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some pipettes oops some pipette tips

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some kind of media so this is essentially the food for our live

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bacteria we'll get to those in a moment you'll need some live bacteria as well

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as a oh centrifuge and

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naturally safety equipment safety first ladies and

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gentlemen now obviously we're going to do this cooking show style since you

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guys don't want to wait 24 hours for our dna altered e coli to grow in our

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nutrient solution here so we would then take that which instead of looking like

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mildly dehydrated but still relatively healthy pee would look like extremely

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cloudy you need to go see your doctor pee we take that we throw it into our

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centrifuge here for probably somewhere in the neighborhood of

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five ten minutes something along those lines we pour off the extra and we end

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up with this concentrated e coli

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oh don't worry this is not the pathogenic kind this is like

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specifically engineered to be safe otherwise they wouldn't let me handle it

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right that's true that's true so i will not be

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making any unscheduled visits to the bathroom

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now oh it stinks okay we can actually use this to create a

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reaction check this out so we've got uh hold on i've got my

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luciferase and i've got my uh luciferin i want my luciferin i'm gonna

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take a hundred microliters of this they don't believe i can do it properly i

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know it i'm gonna go down to the first stop

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slowly draw wow look at that the system works it's

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right at the mark is that is that what it's supposed to do

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all right cool here we go then we're going to drop this puppy in here

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see you later and watch this oh wow you can actually

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see it's working already what yeah yeah yeah yeah don't worry i got

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this i got this oh you know i'll shake it first then we'll hit the light

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okay go for it go for it oh there's another light damn

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whoa that is sick

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get it because it's e coli

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and this is a completely organic reaction right

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glow overheat right that makes sense enzymes see i remember a couple of

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things from uh you know grade 10 science

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i've been informed it's not heat speeding up the reaction it's actually

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oxygen that causes the luciferin to glow more brightly oh wow it's already dying

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it's dying oh it's back whoa okay hold on a second whoa whoa

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whoa okay so let's just get some oxygen into it no no don't

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worry i'm not gonna i'm not gonna i wasn't gonna do that okay but now we'll

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probably have more oxygen in the air in here so we shake it do we get a brighter

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glow ah hard to say

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there it goes

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so good for you you made an unhealthy pee looking disease vial that glows

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obviously this is not the end game so the next step is we run this through

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what's called a nickel column our protein was engineered with a histidine

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tag and that is going to be naturally attracted to the nickel along the

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outsides of this column as we're pouring it through so what we can do is we pour

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the whole thing through all the garbage makes it through to the end then we

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actually sever that histidine tag and we

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wash it through and we end up with nothing but our

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luciferase so this should give us a much stronger

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reaction right you guys aren't you guys aren't setting me up here to do a lame demo are you

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they wouldn't do that they seem like nice people uh this is my

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10 microliters okay just 10 microliters this time

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this is the tricky part okay we're ready

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there's just one site on our protein where the reaction takes place so you're

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gonna see that if we if we kept this completely still

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um the like the end product would end up kind of gunking it up and that yellow

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glow would actually go away after a while but if we mix it

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things get really interesting okay let's kick the lights oh yeah you can actually oh that's so

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cool you can see where it's kind of seeping down into it

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okay ready oh wow

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that's fantastic and it's not cloudy

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no trip to the doctor today and the best part is because of the

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washing process there is no e coli inside it

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honestly though my kids aren't that into yellow glow sticks

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so um what can we do about that

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oh let's try another color shall we they wouldn't let us do science with our

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LTT Store water bottle but they're they're great for drinking out

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of all right we've got to use we'll use your flask

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there's no pipetting this is just like a dried ready to rock glow stick

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oh damn wow the green one's really bright

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holy smokes

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whoa that is awesome

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holy crap i bet you can even see my face andy

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okay let me crank it oh my god

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oh that is so cool

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so then conceivably if you wanted to make like a liter of this

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you could just you could do that yeah

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this one lasts about 20 minutes okay can you make it last longer

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yes so there's a lot of chemistry that goes on it goes into the glow reaction

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and by adjusting the additives uh in the reaction we maybe we may be able to make

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it glow for longer right or conceivably you could design

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you know glow stick capsules that have like a slow release mechanism of some

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sort or something along those lines too so also engineering the actual enzyme to

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work better

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right it's never been done before right so we're already seeing load times that

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are really really long like beyond five hours but now we're working to make it

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brighter and like more awesome got it

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i guess i saw it at the beginning of the video so there's no real surprise to

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spoil can we put it in the computer now

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let's do it uh oh what the computer's not done alex you had one job

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research the video get in touch with these guys write the video build the

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computer wrangle me

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one job all right let's have some fun here ladies and gentlemen

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all right uh hit me with maybe like 300 mils this time

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we're gonna we're gonna launch our own line of like graduated cylinders and

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beakers for you guys okay so this is where things get a little bit

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trickier yeah we're gonna have to run it for a little bit to kind of kick some of

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these bubbles out of here okay so so far we've put in what 1300

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mils something like that oh no 1200. here we go ladies and gentlemen

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uh well

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no it's not nowadays

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why did it stop and start again okay now we have water on our motherboard

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the good news is i think the GPU backplate took the brunt of that

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um that's only five mils

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is there a way to all that is five mils

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oh god this is going to take forever okay well

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oh there we go beautiful okay funnel section the good news is we're close

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does anyone still know how much water is in here

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oh god i have to get all of that in there funnel me

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okay okay it's a little smelly

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um so do you want to do just a little bit at first and should we do you want

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to turn the system off how do you guys want to do this what's going to give us

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max effect here this is the big moment

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oh that is super cool

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okay here we go

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are you getting this andy get a close-up

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i'm gonna give it another little jet here

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okay i'm going i'm going for it now

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that is freaking bright

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oh that is so cool is the density of this one like uh

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higher or something

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but why is it sitting at the bottom like that it's time

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oh look we spilled some

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now that's an easy way to find a leak in your water cooling system

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that is so cool

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that is a very different effect isn't it

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compared to when you have like a uv light and then a uv reactive additive in the

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water because the the water itself

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is what's glowing

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that is crazy cool

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now obviously constantly topping up your computer's

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enzymes is not a very practical way to get it to light up not to mention that

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once you've got micro particles whipping around in your loop

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the damage to your CPU block is going to make the rust in our whole room water

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cooling system look like a piece of cake but it's not like this is being sold as

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an ek cryo fuel competitor so the good news for nyoka's plan

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creating glow sticks is that for that use it might just be perfect in your

00:14:56.480 --> 00:15:03.120
typical dollar store glow stick the chemicals used to create the light

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effect are so nasty that it's probably a good thing that we couldn't find a

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proper recipe in this classic episode of Channel Super Fun

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and even worse to contain these chemicals very sturdy plastic is needed

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so every time a glow stick gets cracked

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it'll be bright and admittedly very fun for an hour or two

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then it'll sit not breaking down for a

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thousand years the bio-based fluid however is much less toxic i mean you

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could take the contents of an ioka glow stick like this one and just dump it

00:15:37.760 --> 00:15:44.560
afterwards or even drink it if you really wanted to and the plastic around

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it is biodegradable too it's also even possible to use this method thank you to

00:15:47.360 --> 00:15:54.079
create reusable glow sticks since you can just flush the glow solution down

00:15:51.920 --> 00:16:00.560
the drain and fill it again to recharge it now admittedly these glow sticks aren't

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cost effective at the moment but this technology has the potential to scale

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really well and glow sticks are just one example of the type of reaction that can

00:16:06.399 --> 00:16:12.240
be made more sustainable using biotechnology everything from clothing

00:16:09.839 --> 00:16:16.959
to pharmaceuticals to literal burgers can be made in this fashion haha um i

00:16:15.440 --> 00:16:21.839
made you guys watch a science lecture disguised as a computer video gotcha and

00:16:19.920 --> 00:16:26.399
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video and you like our more sciency-oriented content maybe check out our fusion reactor video they probably

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actually made a fair bit of progress since we made that but it's still really cool