so let's kick things off with atx it stands for advanced technology extended
and a component's compliance with the standard tells us that it will be
physically and electrically compatible with other atx components like computer
cases and power supplies now because most desktop computers use atx that's
what we're going to focus on but there is other stuff out there anyway atx
family motherboards are available in several different flavors the most common of which are standard atx micro
atx extended atx and xl atx now i'm also
going to include mini itx but don't worry about the different name it's
basically interoperable and gets treated these days like an even smaller atx
although unlike the atx standards which were developed by Intel mini itx was
developed by vaya technologies now i'll give you more details on each in a
moment but if you're trying to figure out compatibility and that's all you
care about for power supplies it comes down to the connectors on your
particular power supply and the motherboard that you want to plug them
into just make sure that the power supply has at least as many 24-pin eight pin and
four pin connectors as you need for cases on the other hand any case that
accepts a motherboard equal to or larger than the motherboard that you're looking
at will work so for example a mini itx
board will work in a case designed for any of the standards here because
they'll all be bigger than that whereas an atx board will not fit in a case
designed for matx or mini itx boards but
will work for the larger cases the exception here is xlatx check
specifically for xlatx compatibility before buying a case for your xlatx
motherboard so atx atx motherboards have
a wide range of costs but tend to be more expensive than matx and less than
the eatx they are 305 millimeters tall and 244 millimeters wide they have seven
expansion slots allowing for up to seven single slot expansion cards or up to
four dual slot expansion cards if installed in a case that has at least
eight rear expansion card openings and that makes atx the minimum motherboard
size to accommodate a three-way or four-way graphics card configuration
with modern cards atx motherboards typically feature a 24-pin and an 8-pin
power connector combination but performance-oriented boards may have an
extra CPU power connector or an auxiliary connector for configurations
with lots of graphics cards because they are physically larger they can have up
to eight RAM slots and tend to have more SATA ports and front panel header ports
like usb compared to micro atx boards
micro atx boards are less expensive and are 244 millimeters squared they are
available with merely equivalent performance and features to their bigger
brothers with a couple of exceptions due to their size micro atx boards usually
only have two to four memory slots and can have a maximum of four single slot
expansion cards or two dual slot expansion cards with a single slot card
in between that means that while a multi-core extreme edition processor can
be installed in a compatible matx board the maximum memory and graphics card
capacity will be about half of an atx equivalent
they typically feature a 24-pin connector and either a 4-pin or an 8-pin
CPU connector many itx motherboards are less expensive
yet and are a mere 170 millimeters squared in recent years they've gone
from lower power quiet computing oriented
products to high performance small form factor gaming capable devices they are
limited to desktop rather than workstation CPU platforms though and to
a maximum of two memory slots and a maximum of one expansion card but that
still allows them at the time of filming this to have up to a quad core CPU 16
gigs of inexpensive RAM and a high performance dual slot graphics card all
at the same time they have fewer SATA slots and front panel connectors than
even matx boards due to their small size but they often have integrated extras
such as wireless and bluetooth connectivity to compensate for their
lack of expansion options they usually have a 24-pin connector and a 4-pin
connector for the CPU power on to bigger and better things extended or e-atx
motherboards are more expensive and larger than atx and at up to 305
millimeters tall by 330 millimeters wide they are big they still have only a
maximum of seven rear expansion slots but their width allows them to
accommodate dual workstation or server class cpus and up to twice as much RAM
as their atx equivalents now because they are geared towards professional or
server use they tend to have fewer bells and whistles like uh better rear i o and
wireless connectivity but more robust connectivity internally with
things like sas ports replacing SATA ports that are more common on the
desktop they need a 24 pin connector and will usually have two eight pins as well
sometimes more xlatx motherboards are a bit of an
oddity they don't even have a standard size but they're usually 240 more four
millimeters wide and the size increase actually comes in the form of additional
height it's right in the name but it's more like an extra large atx motherboard
than anything else pricing wise they are similar to premium atx boards and when
it comes to performance they have the same CPU and RAM and rear slot
configurations as atx boards which is weird their extra height should allow
them to have eight or nine expansion slots but board manufacturers typically
have used the extra space to give more room for large beefy power delivery
systems and cooling around the CPU socket rather than to add more expansion
card slots what a weird standard the one good thing that did come out of it i
think was that cases are now being delivered to market with more than seven
slots at the back for better ventilation with multi-way graphics card
configurations on even standard atx boards i mean honestly it's amazing to
me that xlatx even still exists you know what's not amazing to me though
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