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if you've ever you know used the internet which you've probably done

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considering you're watching this video you've almost certainly typed in a

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uniform resource locator or URL to get

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where you're going online but while some are simple like line ofc tapes.com or

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whitehouse.gov fulllength URLs can look awfully confusing why do we need HTTP in

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there and what are all those Amber Sands question marks and pound or excuse me

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hash signs doing it's a good question let's demystify the ingredients of your

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typical web address starting with the beginning of the scheme the most

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familiar will probably be HTTP which stands for hypertext transfer protocol

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the set of commands that handles the transmission of web pages but there are

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other schemes as well if you've ever clicked on an email address you might

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notice that the link starts with mail to a scheme that tells the browser to open

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up your email clients you can fire off a message there's Al FTP or file transfer

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protocol which is used to send well

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files as you probably guess to and from remote servers and even IRC which allows

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you to connect directly to a chat room the next part of a typical URL is

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usually a domain name the name of a website like Amazon.com or microsoft.com

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the doc.net or.org at the end is called

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a top level domain or TLD which you can

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think of as the main cat categories that sort every website on the internet and

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help route requests through a certain group of servers to get you to the

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correct website typically will indicate a commercial website of some sort .org

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indicates a nonprofit organization and there are plenty of tlds that indicate

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sites associated with a certain country like us oruk more recently country-based

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tlds have been used in so-called domain hacks like

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youtube.be which allows links to YouTube videos to be shorter this doesn't mean

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however that the site has anything to do with the kingdom of Belgium much of the

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rest of the URL the part that is separated by slashes indicates the path

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or the specific location of the page or

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other piece of content on the specific website each slash indicates another

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subfolder kind of like how files on your computer storage Drive are organized as

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for question marks these make a URL hard to read but their existence actually

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makes a lot of sense they indicate a query defined by the user for example if

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you type a search into Google you'll see your string in the results page URL

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after the question mark symbol which tells the server to execute that search

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if a URL has multiple queries these will be separated by Amber sance showing that

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the browser is relaying multiple pieces of information to the website such as

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what kind of browser you using or whether you were referred to a page from

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a certain site and if you've ever clicked a link just to have it send you

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somewhere else on the same page that was probably done through a fragment

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indicated by a pound sign fragments can Mark specific spots on a web page but

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can also indicate other things like the folder you're looking at in Gmail URLs

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can also incorporate a few rarely seen variations for example if you're trying

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to access a website that requires a login and password some sites will allow

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you to just enter the username and password in the URL directly logging you

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in automatically venient if you need to quickly share a link to a protected site

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but not the best thing for security as your browser history will show your

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password in plain text and if you've

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ever visited a site based in a country that doesn't use Latin characters like

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Greece or China you might see a really weird domain name that includes xn dot

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this means that the original characters were converted into a domain name

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compatible with the DNS so computers worldwide can view these pages but if

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the path after the domain name contains special characters you'll probably see

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these displayed with percent encoding

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which is also sometimes used for other symbols for example percent sign 24

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corresponds to a dollar sign so I hope this helped unpack the mystifying stuff

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you see in web addresses now if you'll excuse me I've got to get back to my IRC

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discussion on whether ninja or meme are

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actually good top level domains I think they are but some other unscrupulous

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people disagree tunnel bear VPN lets you tunnel to up to

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20 different countries allowing you to browse the internet and use online

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iOS Android PC and mac and they also have a Chrome extension just choose a

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country in the app turn tunnel bear on and watch as your bear tunnels your

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internet connection to your new location when you do turn tunnel bear on two

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things happen your connection gets encrypted with AES 256-bit encryption

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and your public IP address gets switched so you show up as if you're in that

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country they also have a top rated privacy policy and do not log user

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save 10% by going to Tunnel bear.com Linus thanks for watching guys if you

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like this video like it if you dislike this video dislike it get subscribed and

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hit the little bell to see all of the tech cookie videos that we have chuckle

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Channel Super Fun because they are fun and super and I'm going to go now so

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that Alex can walk walk by go ahead

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there we go best part of the video 10 out of 10 we'll do it again bye guys