{"video_id":"NkknclAeUZ8","title":"How AMD is Making CPUs More Affordable - Chiplets Explained","channel":"Techquickie","show":"Techquickie","published_at":"2020-05-05T14:58:16Z","duration_s":308,"segments":[{"start_s":0.16,"end_s":6.799,"text":"all other things being equal the more transistors you have on a processor the","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":4.4,"end_s":12.24,"text":"more features and performance you get and ever since the 1970s manufacturers","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":9.519,"end_s":18.0,"text":"have been finding ways to shove more and more transistors onto a single chip by","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":15.28,"end_s":22.16,"text":"making the transistors smaller in fact the widely quoted moore's law that","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":20.72,"end_s":27.199,"text":"anticipated that the number of transistors on a CPU would double","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":24.72,"end_s":30.88,"text":"roughly every two years held true for decades","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":28.24,"end_s":36.239,"text":"but in recent years moore's law has started to look more like moore's pipe","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":33.2,"end_s":38.96,"text":"dream as it's becoming harder and harder","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":36.239,"end_s":43.76,"text":"to keep shrinking transistors down due to the chemical properties of silicon","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":41.44,"end_s":47.84,"text":"so how do we solve this problem and keep making our computers and our gadgets","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":46.079,"end_s":52.96,"text":"faster and faster well although the industry has been","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":50.32,"end_s":58.079,"text":"looking at making smaller transistors on materials other than silicon as we","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":55.52,"end_s":63.199,"text":"briefly discussed in this video another idea that seems to be catching on is","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":60.32,"end_s":69.28,"text":"using something called chiplets now traditionally the dye or the part of","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":66.24,"end_s":72.159,"text":"a CPU that contains the transistors is","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":69.28,"end_s":77.439,"text":"manufactured as a single monolithic piece so there are practical limits to","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":75.04,"end_s":82.64,"text":"how big you can make them before the likelihood of a fatal defect landing on","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":79.84,"end_s":87.92,"text":"your die becomes too high by contrast","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":84.08,"end_s":91.6,"text":"chiplets are modular mini dies that can","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":87.92,"end_s":93.119,"text":"be combined into one CPU package to","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":91.6,"end_s":98.159,"text":"improve performance but i mean hold on a minute here you guys","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":96.0,"end_s":103.759,"text":"might say well what's the point of all this if the transistors are the same","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":100.88,"end_s":109.84,"text":"size anyway aren't you just adding an assembly step and making it take up more","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":106.64,"end_s":111.759,"text":"room well as it turns out oftentimes","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":109.84,"end_s":117.759,"text":"chiplet-based cpus are indeed larger think of AMD's new","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":115.36,"end_s":122.479,"text":"epic series of server processors as an example","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":118.88,"end_s":124.88,"text":"however they're also hugely advantageous","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":122.479,"end_s":129.2,"text":"when you consider yields so if you're not familiar with the","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":126.32,"end_s":135.36,"text":"concept of yields here's what it means cpus are manufactured on large silicon","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":132.319,"end_s":137.52,"text":"wafers and that manufacturing process","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":135.36,"end_s":142.879,"text":"isn't perfect which means that on a given wafer there will be some number of","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":140.08,"end_s":149.12,"text":"defects so if we take our wafer and divide it into smaller chiplets it means","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":145.92,"end_s":151.2,"text":"less wasted silicon for each defect and","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":149.12,"end_s":156.16,"text":"it also makes it easier to take the chiplets that are functional but that","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":153.519,"end_s":160.48,"text":"don't perform as well and combine those into lower end products salvaging back","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":158.879,"end_s":165.599,"text":"some of the cost on a large scale this leads to faster","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":162.8,"end_s":171.92,"text":"manufacturing and lower costs with significant real world benefits in fact","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":168.4,"end_s":175.44,"text":"AMD's epic cpus only cost about half as","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":171.92,"end_s":176.879,"text":"much thanks to chiplets versus using one","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":175.44,"end_s":181.12,"text":"large die now although chiplets are more common in","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":178.959,"end_s":184.959,"text":"the high-end desktop and server markets right now the technology will most","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":183.2,"end_s":190.64,"text":"likely trickle down to the consumer space such as with AMD's rumored","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":187.44,"end_s":193.12,"text":"upcoming 16 core ryzen CPU","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":190.64,"end_s":198.239,"text":"that's going to put pressure on Intel to reduce their prices which might force","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":195.92,"end_s":201.44,"text":"them to pursue chiplet-based designs as well","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":199.36,"end_s":207.2,"text":"another fun benefit is that chiplets also allow manufacturers to separate out","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":204.319,"end_s":211.92,"text":"parts of the CPU that don't handle pure number crunching such as input and","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":209.36,"end_s":216.56,"text":"output blocks as it's often harder to shrink those parts of a processor down","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":214.48,"end_s":221.28,"text":"so then you can just tack those bits on separately and attach","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":219.04,"end_s":226.159,"text":"as many chiplets as you want connecting them together with a high speed","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":223.04,"end_s":229.68,"text":"interface like AMD's infinity fabric now","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":226.159,"end_s":231.36,"text":"of course the obvious drawback of size","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":229.68,"end_s":236.4,"text":"still does exist but until we run up against the limits","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":234.08,"end_s":240.879,"text":"imposed by signals moving at the speed of light within a microprocessor","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":238.4,"end_s":244.72,"text":"chiplets do seem to be one of the best paths forward","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":242.48,"end_s":249.2,"text":"speaking of best paths forward the best path for your business might be a","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":247.04,"end_s":253.12,"text":"freshbooks account freshbooks is the small business accounting software","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":250.799,"end_s":256.32,"text":"that's custom built for how you want to work and it's a simple way whether","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":254.799,"end_s":261.44,"text":"you're a small business owner or a freelancer to be more productive more","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":258.72,"end_s":264.8,"text":"organized and to get paid faster with freshbooks you can create and send","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":263.12,"end_s":268.72,"text":"professional looking invoices in less than 30 seconds you can set up online","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":266.88,"end_s":272.8,"text":"payments with just a couple of clicks and get paid up to four days faster you","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":270.96,"end_s":276.72,"text":"can see when your client has seen your invoice and put an end to the guessing","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":274.96,"end_s":281.6,"text":"games and you can take the whole experience with you on the go with their","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":278.4,"end_s":283.84,"text":"fully featured apps for iOS and Android","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":281.6,"end_s":288.8,"text":"so for an unrestricted 30 day free trial go to freshbooks.com techwiki we'll have","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":286.639,"end_s":291.44,"text":"that linked below and just enter Techquickie in the how did you hear about us","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":290.479,"end_s":295.52,"text":"section so thanks for watching guys like dislike","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":293.919,"end_s":299.28,"text":"check out our other videos leave a comment if you have a suggestion for a","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":297.04,"end_s":303.919,"text":"future fast as possible and make sure that you subscribe so you don't miss any","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":301.6,"end_s":308.8,"text":"future tech quickies or even the past ones don't miss those","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":306.32,"end_s":308.8,"text":"either","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1}],"full_text":"all other things being equal the more transistors you have on a processor the more features and performance you get and ever since the 1970s manufacturers have been finding ways to shove more and more transistors onto a single chip by making the transistors smaller in fact the widely quoted moore's law that anticipated that the number of transistors on a CPU would double roughly every two years held true for decades but in recent years moore's law has started to look more like moore's pipe dream as it's becoming harder and harder to keep shrinking transistors down due to the chemical properties of silicon so how do we solve this problem and keep making our computers and our gadgets faster and faster well although the industry has been looking at making smaller transistors on materials other than silicon as we briefly discussed in this video another idea that seems to be catching on is using something called chiplets now traditionally the dye or the part of a CPU that contains the transistors is manufactured as a single monolithic piece so there are practical limits to how big you can make them before the likelihood of a fatal defect landing on your die becomes too high by contrast chiplets are modular mini dies that can be combined into one CPU package to improve performance but i mean hold on a minute here you guys might say well what's the point of all this if the transistors are the same size anyway aren't you just adding an assembly step and making it take up more room well as it turns out oftentimes chiplet-based cpus are indeed larger think of AMD's new epic series of server processors as an example however they're also hugely advantageous when you consider yields so if you're not familiar with the concept of yields here's what it means cpus are manufactured on large silicon wafers and that manufacturing process isn't perfect which means that on a given wafer there will be some number of defects so if we take our wafer and divide it into smaller chiplets it means less wasted silicon for each defect and it also makes it easier to take the chiplets that are functional but that don't perform as well and combine those into lower end products salvaging back some of the cost on a large scale this leads to faster manufacturing and lower costs with significant real world benefits in fact AMD's epic cpus only cost about half as much thanks to chiplets versus using one large die now although chiplets are more common in the high-end desktop and server markets right now the technology will most likely trickle down to the consumer space such as with AMD's rumored upcoming 16 core ryzen CPU that's going to put pressure on Intel to reduce their prices which might force them to pursue chiplet-based designs as well another fun benefit is that chiplets also allow manufacturers to separate out parts of the CPU that don't handle pure number crunching such as input and output blocks as it's often harder to shrink those parts of a processor down so then you can just tack those bits on separately and attach as many chiplets as you want connecting them together with a high speed interface like AMD's infinity fabric now of course the obvious drawback of size still does exist but until we run up against the limits imposed by signals moving at the speed of light within a microprocessor chiplets do seem to be one of the best paths forward speaking of best paths forward the best path for your business might be a freshbooks account freshbooks is the small business accounting software that's custom built for how you want to work and it's a simple way whether you're a small business owner or a freelancer to be more productive more organized and to get paid faster with freshbooks you can create and send professional looking invoices in less than 30 seconds you can set up online payments with just a couple of clicks and get paid up to four days faster you can see when your client has seen your invoice and put an end to the guessing games and you can take the whole experience with you on the go with their fully featured apps for iOS and Android so for an unrestricted 30 day free trial go to freshbooks.com techwiki we'll have that linked below and just enter Techquickie in the how did you hear about us section so thanks for watching guys like dislike check out our other videos leave a comment if you have a suggestion for a future fast as possible and make sure that you subscribe so you don't miss any future tech quickies or even the past ones don't miss those either"}