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so as we were sitting down to review this episode of fast as possible I saw

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the folder name for the project and I asked John what is a system on a chip

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and he replied I'm glad you asked it's

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all in the script we're about to go over so uh here we go then we are now in an

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era where a lot of us expect the

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smartphones we carry around in our pockets to do most of the things a PC

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can I mean the Samsung Galaxy even has a

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setting for multiamp anti-aliasing so your mobile games will

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look nicer but given that Flagship phones are much smaller than even the

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most compact PCS how have they grown

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from Novelties that can't even copy paste to do it all devices in only about

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10 years well much of the growth has been driven by advancements in systems

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on a chip commonly called s so's well

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hold on a second lonus my phone isn't a system on chip it has a screen and

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buttons and a case with rhinestones on it well when I say system I'm talking

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about all the crucial inerts that a phone or a tablet needs to function like

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processors memory and storage and IO

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controllers and if you've ever built or upgraded a desktop PC what you'll know

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is that for the most part these functions are all handled by different

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components that you have to either physically install separately or are

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installed separately on something like a motherboard an S so by contrast

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integrates multiple or even all of these

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functions into one piece of silicon

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that's the same size or even smaller than a conventional

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CPU but how can all of this stuff fit

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onto just one chip well remember that

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because phones and tablets are mobile devices that spend most of their lives

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running off of a battery a lot of the components inside have to suck less

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power and produce less heat I mean a

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phone with a 10-minute battery life that feels like a hot stove top wouldn't do

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you much good would it so this means

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that manufacturers have to save energy

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somehow which usually translates to less

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powerful components with fewer transistors which makes them physically

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smaller but just because components on an so don't pack the punch of their

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desktop PC counterparts doesn't mean that they're bad in fact many mid-range

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and higher end s so's deliver very smooth performance in part because their

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CPUs use the ARM architecture which runs

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a smaller simpler instruction set to make processing easier though perhaps

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less versatile and you can learn more about ARM CPUs in this video and because

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mobile apps and and operating systems like iOS and Android are written for

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these CPUs that means that you're not waiting around three times longer for

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your phone to do something even though your s so might be several times less

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powerful than your desktop rig and if you're an Apple fan their s so's take

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the concept of less is more even further

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because unlike Android s so's which have

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to work with tons of different devices and Brands Apple's s so's only need to

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work with their own hardware and their own software so iOS has been further

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optimized to run well on apple chips

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that are at times less impressive sounding than their Android equivalents

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on paper for example the new Apple A10

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so inside the iPhone 7 is the first quad

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core chip we've seen in an i device when Androids have been available with eight

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core chips for years now and we're even seeing the same integration Concept in

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desktops it's not limited to S so's although PCS aren't packing everything

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from RAM to LTE communication logic onto

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the die or even the package for that matter and the trend towards this goes

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back decades even with Intel being the first to move the cash which used to be

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an external chip that you plugged in onto the CPU and AMD's more recent

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integration of the memory controller into the CPU die which used to be a

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separate chip on the motherboard called the Northbridge this might have seemed

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at first glance like they were just increasing the CPU's complexity for the

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sake of it when we'd rather just have a bigger more powerful CPU and keep all

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that stuff offboard but in reality the

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reduction in cash and memory access latency from getting them closer

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together more than compensates for the wasted die space and additional cost and

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this is even true of onboard graphics with better on chip gpus now being

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pushed as an all-in-one solution for light to moderate gaming as we've seen

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with Intel's Iris Pro graphics and AMD's Apu series not quite the same as a full

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fat graphics card but who knows with the way things are going maybe one day we

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will have entire systems the size of a

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postage stamp or you know failing that even just a modern CPU that can max out

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crisis speaking of postage

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Techquickie in the how did You Hear About Us section thanks for watching

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