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thanks for watching tech wiki click the subscribe button then enable

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notifications with the Bell icon so you won't miss any future videos all cameras

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big and small work on the same fundamental principle light going

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through the lens and hitting a sensor where it gets processed and converted

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into the image you see on your screen with more light generally meaning better

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image quality that's why bulky DSLR and

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mirrorless cameras with their big interchangeable lenses and their larger

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sensors are the weapon of choice for professional photographers so given that

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the sensors inside smartphone cameras haven't actually increased much in size

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since they were debuted by sharp almost two decades ago how can their image

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quality be so much better today than it was then well one big improvement is in

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the number of receptor sites on the sensor which is typically measured in

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millions of pixels or megapixels improvements in microscale manufacturing

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have allowed manufacturers to cram many times more of these onto your camera's

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sensor and the more of them you have the more light samples can be collected

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giving you a finer image there are at least two a point as you can learn more

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about in this episode adding more megapixels stops helping and can even

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hinder image quality past a certain point so there's got to be more to it

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and there is from our previous episode

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explaining aperture you might know that every lens has a rating or a range of

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rating in f-stops the lower the f-stop

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the wider it can open up and the more light can pass through this will improve

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image quality especially in situations where there isn't much ambient light

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like in the club but another aspect of

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the lens that isn't so easy to read off of a spec sheet is its composition in

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the early days of cell phone cameras cheap plastic or composite lenses were

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used not only were they less clear and more likely to distort the light passing

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through them blurring the image they were much more prone to scratching even

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against the materials in your pocket meaning that over time your camera's

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performance would degrade modern lenses by contrast are engineering marvels

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crafted from exotic materials like sapphire glass with multiple carefully

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engineered elements in them for much better clarity and with some extra

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tricks as well back to our club shop for a minute one of the ways to get around

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low-light conditions is to simply leave the shutter open for longer allowing it

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to capture more of those precious photons but I'm sure I'm not the only

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one who's tried to quickly snap a pic of something dark only to realize that it's

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crazy blurry well one trick of modern lenses to compensate for handshake under

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darker conditions is to use gyroscopes data combined with electromagnets around

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the lens to help your phone camera stay still this is called optical image

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stabilization of course no one would

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want a crystal-clear image if it looked like this let's talk about dynamic range

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in a nutshell if your dynamic range is poor it will cause bright areas to be

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blown out and dark areas to lose detail

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or crush some newer smartphones compensate for this though by saving

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multiple frames at different exposure levels every time you press the shutter

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button then they can analyze these

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frames and average them in a way that minimizes blur and noise algorithmically

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a little like mixing strong and weak coffee to make something that's

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drinkable of course that leads us perfectly into another improvement

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faster processors modern phone s o C's

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not only have better CPUs and GPUs in them allowing them to quickly perform

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the functions I just mentioned and provide further assistance to optically

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stabilized lenses even at high speed in burst modes or while recording slow

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motion video but some of them even have specialized Hardware usually branded as

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a neural processor or AI processor that

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can be trained to identify the subject of the video or photo adjusting the

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color processing to best capture the shooters intent which leads us perfectly

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then to focus we've all seen it a gorgeous detailed shot of the wall

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behind your friend traditional phone cameras relied on the contrast detection

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to directly focus on the subject of a photo which means that they used

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brightness differences in the scene to determine where to focus this is an

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inexact science at best more advanced

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modern phones can use the phase detection a technique which analyzes how

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the left and right sides of the lens see

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slightly different images to decide on

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the focus with some of them also using infrared lasers that fire at the object

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of a photo to determine the distance similar to a police radar gap on the

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subject of depth detection to an increasing number of phones recently are

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using two cameras or even more with at

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least one of them being equipped with a wider lens not only does this allow for

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otherwise impossible wide-angle shots because at this point anyway you can't

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change out the lens on a smartphone but it also enables much easier depth

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sensing meaning that these phones can simulate depth of field or bokeh effects

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for an artistic and dramatic blurred background cool then right so with all

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this technology jam-packed into our phones why even buy a separate digital

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camera well because it's important to remember that some of the awesome

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results that you see with smartphone cameras are due to approximations for

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example the depth of field effect on a modern smartphone is applied in software

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at the point where the phone thinks the focus should change that means that

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under anything but ideal conditions your mileage may vary significantly

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also since the sensors inside phones are

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still quite small they continue to struggle in low-light because they

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simply can't see enough photons to make

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a good looking image in many cases combine that with the inability to put

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even a decent optical zoom on a phone without making it quite a bit fatter and

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it suddenly all makes sense why professionals still use traditional

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cameras even so though for things like casual shots of your kids and drone

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footage phone cameras have become an incredibly powerful and versatile tool

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especially important for the your era

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trying to figure out your accounting

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and enter Techquickie and the how did you hear about us section we're gonna

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link that down below so thanks for watching guys like dislike check out our

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other videos leave a comment if you have a suggestion for a future fast as possible and don't forget to subscribe

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don't forget to subscribe don't forget to subscribe

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yet don't forget to subscribe

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meanwhile people be like yeah I didn't forget yo