{"video_id":"CNdMA9RHdV4","title":"Social Media CHANGES Your Photos - Compression Explained","channel":"Techquickie","show":"Techquickie","published_at":"2020-05-05T14:58:16Z","duration_s":303,"segments":[{"start_s":0.24,"end_s":5.759,"text":"have you ever noticed that after you upload an image to your favorite social","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":3.28,"end_s":9.28,"text":"media site it sometimes doesn't look quite as good as you thought it would","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":7.52,"end_s":13.519,"text":"specifically because the image was compressed or it had its resolution","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":11.679,"end_s":17.84,"text":"lowered well naturally it turns out that there are reasons that social media","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":15.599,"end_s":22.16,"text":"services do this as it's crucial for helping them manage the millions of","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":19.6,"end_s":26.96,"text":"images our selfie addicted society is uploading every day so how exactly do","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":24.48,"end_s":30.56,"text":"these large services get images to us quickly and how are they making","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":28.56,"end_s":35.12,"text":"improvements to try and keep the image quality as high as they can to answer","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":33.2,"end_s":39.68,"text":"that we spoke with nolan o'brien at twitter and we'd like to thank him both","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":37.36,"end_s":44.16,"text":"personally as well as twitter itself for help with this episode large services","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":42.0,"end_s":48.0,"text":"like twitter face enormous challenges trying to get images to so many","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":46.239,"end_s":52.96,"text":"different users the images that go through twitter's servers every day","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":50.32,"end_s":58.399,"text":"number in the billions with a b and they have to figure out how to quickly get","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":54.96,"end_s":60.32,"text":"them to their 330 million users even if","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":58.399,"end_s":63.84,"text":"those users are far away from twitter's data centers a large part of the","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":61.92,"end_s":68.56,"text":"solution is using content delivery networks or cdns which are distributed","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":66.72,"end_s":74.159,"text":"storage networks that you can learn more about here this way devices will have a","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":71.119,"end_s":76.4,"text":"semi-nearby server to pull images from","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":74.159,"end_s":81.2,"text":"but what about the images themselves well twitter uses both png and jpeg","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":78.96,"end_s":85.119,"text":"images both are compressed which saves bandwidth compared to using huge","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":83.04,"end_s":89.759,"text":"uncompressed images that can easily take up around 35 megabytes if shot with a","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":87.28,"end_s":94.4,"text":"typical smartphone camera however pngs use lossless compression meaning they're","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":92.079,"end_s":100.079,"text":"higher quality but take up significantly more space than a jpeg typically twitter","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":97.28,"end_s":104.72,"text":"will convert most images to jpeg if the png version has a high color depth","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":102.56,"end_s":109.6,"text":"meaning that if they support 16 bit or a little over 65 000 colors which actually","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":107.52,"end_s":113.92,"text":"isn't all that many considering modern displays support millions of colors","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":112.159,"end_s":118.32,"text":"additionally jpegs that take up more than five megabytes are also reduced in","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":116.56,"end_s":121.84,"text":"quality but hold on a second i use twitter all the time and i think the","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":119.6,"end_s":126.32,"text":"images look pretty decent how do they pull that off using so much compression","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":124.32,"end_s":132.16,"text":"keep in mind that twitter still supports jpegs up to about 16.7 megapixels or","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":129.52,"end_s":135.599,"text":"about 4.2 megapixels if you're uploading from mobile","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":133.44,"end_s":139.44,"text":"and when the service has to reduce to jpeg quality it does so by only about 15","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":138.4,"end_s":145.84,"text":"percent typically such a loss in quality isn't noticeable unless you're looking very","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":143.52,"end_s":149.12,"text":"closely yet still saves a significant amount of bandwidth and this is","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":147.12,"end_s":154.0,"text":"especially true since phone screens these days are very high resolution yet","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":151.44,"end_s":157.92,"text":"small in size so images can very easily be scaled down in resolution without a","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":156.0,"end_s":162.4,"text":"noticeable loss in visual fidelity many phone screens only have one red or blue","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":160.16,"end_s":166.08,"text":"pixel for every green so trying to show a super high resolution photo on them","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":164.319,"end_s":170.319,"text":"would be a waste as the phones can't even reproduce them accurately if you","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":168.08,"end_s":174.72,"text":"compare these images to original side by side on a high res desktop monitor you","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":172.959,"end_s":178.8,"text":"may notice a difference but for phone users who are often most impacted by","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":177.04,"end_s":183.28,"text":"speed constraints the compression methods we've mentioned so far are no","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":180.8,"end_s":187.84,"text":"brainers of course sometimes noticeable trade-offs even on mobile devices cannot","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":185.44,"end_s":192.159,"text":"be avoided many people use social media services without fast connections so if","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":190.4,"end_s":196.72,"text":"you're on a slow connection you might notice that twitter uses progressive","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":194.159,"end_s":201.599,"text":"jpegs meaning that a low quality version will fully load first while you wait for","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":199.44,"end_s":206.159,"text":"the higher res version contrasting with the slowly loading image from top down","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":204.319,"end_s":210.64,"text":"as you probably remember from the dial up era if you're old then you have to","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":208.48,"end_s":214.56,"text":"factor in how people use many different devices including some really old ones","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":213.04,"end_s":218.959,"text":"this is a big part of the reason you might have noticed that twitter header","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":216.08,"end_s":222.879,"text":"images often appear to be lower quality as they're capped at 500 pixels","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":220.959,"end_s":228.159,"text":"vertically to ensure that they can be shown correctly on legacy devices","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":226.4,"end_s":232.72,"text":"but what about all the space these pictures take up on twitter's servers","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":230.4,"end_s":237.84,"text":"well it turns out that storage isn't all that difficult to expand so the choices","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":235.519,"end_s":243.92,"text":"that social networks make with how they process images has less to do with drive","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":240.56,"end_s":245.599,"text":"capacity and more to do with how to use","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":243.92,"end_s":250.72,"text":"as little bandwidth as possible for the end user after all who has an extra five","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":248.239,"end_s":255.92,"text":"seconds to wait for the next zesty Linus beam to load am i right not me check out","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":253.439,"end_s":259.84,"text":"bitdefender total security 2020. their best-in-class security solutions for","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":257.68,"end_s":264.08,"text":"Windows mac Android and iOS have been awarded product of the year by av","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":261.84,"end_s":268.639,"text":"comparatives and protect over 500 million systems worldwide network threat","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":266.639,"end_s":272.32,"text":"protection detects attacks including botnets and stops them before they even","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":270.4,"end_s":276.16,"text":"begin it also prevents your sense of information from being sent in an","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":273.68,"end_s":280.639,"text":"unencrypted format nobody wants that you also get ransomware protection of vpn","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":278.4,"end_s":284.56,"text":"service parental controls and autopilot your personal automated security advisor","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":282.88,"end_s":289.36,"text":"that helps you tailor your bitdefender experience to your needs and all this is","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":286.639,"end_s":293.199,"text":"backed by comprehensive 24 7 support so check them out at the link below for","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":291.04,"end_s":296.4,"text":"more details as well as a special giveaway so thanks for watching guys if","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":1},{"start_s":295.04,"end_s":299.6,"text":"you like this video give it a like give us a subscribe and be sure to hit us up","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":298.16,"end_s":304.32,"text":"in the comments section with your suggestions for future topics that we","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0},{"start_s":301.44,"end_s":304.32,"text":"should cover","speaker":null,"is_sponsor":0}],"full_text":"have you ever noticed that after you upload an image to your favorite social media site it sometimes doesn't look quite as good as you thought it would specifically because the image was compressed or it had its resolution lowered well naturally it turns out that there are reasons that social media services do this as it's crucial for helping them manage the millions of images our selfie addicted society is uploading every day so how exactly do these large services get images to us quickly and how are they making improvements to try and keep the image quality as high as they can to answer that we spoke with nolan o'brien at twitter and we'd like to thank him both personally as well as twitter itself for help with this episode large services like twitter face enormous challenges trying to get images to so many different users the images that go through twitter's servers every day number in the billions with a b and they have to figure out how to quickly get them to their 330 million users even if those users are far away from twitter's data centers a large part of the solution is using content delivery networks or cdns which are distributed storage networks that you can learn more about here this way devices will have a semi-nearby server to pull images from but what about the images themselves well twitter uses both png and jpeg images both are compressed which saves bandwidth compared to using huge uncompressed images that can easily take up around 35 megabytes if shot with a typical smartphone camera however pngs use lossless compression meaning they're higher quality but take up significantly more space than a jpeg typically twitter will convert most images to jpeg if the png version has a high color depth meaning that if they support 16 bit or a little over 65 000 colors which actually isn't all that many considering modern displays support millions of colors additionally jpegs that take up more than five megabytes are also reduced in quality but hold on a second i use twitter all the time and i think the images look pretty decent how do they pull that off using so much compression keep in mind that twitter still supports jpegs up to about 16.7 megapixels or about 4.2 megapixels if you're uploading from mobile and when the service has to reduce to jpeg quality it does so by only about 15 percent typically such a loss in quality isn't noticeable unless you're looking very closely yet still saves a significant amount of bandwidth and this is especially true since phone screens these days are very high resolution yet small in size so images can very easily be scaled down in resolution without a noticeable loss in visual fidelity many phone screens only have one red or blue pixel for every green so trying to show a super high resolution photo on them would be a waste as the phones can't even reproduce them accurately if you compare these images to original side by side on a high res desktop monitor you may notice a difference but for phone users who are often most impacted by speed constraints the compression methods we've mentioned so far are no brainers of course sometimes noticeable trade-offs even on mobile devices cannot be avoided many people use social media services without fast connections so if you're on a slow connection you might notice that twitter uses progressive jpegs meaning that a low quality version will fully load first while you wait for the higher res version contrasting with the slowly loading image from top down as you probably remember from the dial up era if you're old then you have to factor in how people use many different devices including some really old ones this is a big part of the reason you might have noticed that twitter header images often appear to be lower quality as they're capped at 500 pixels vertically to ensure that they can be shown correctly on legacy devices but what about all the space these pictures take up on twitter's servers well it turns out that storage isn't all that difficult to expand so the choices that social networks make with how they process images has less to do with drive capacity and more to do with how to use as little bandwidth as possible for the end user after all who has an extra five seconds to wait for the next zesty Linus beam to load am i right not me check out bitdefender total security 2020. their best-in-class security solutions for Windows mac Android and iOS have been awarded product of the year by av comparatives and protect over 500 million systems worldwide network threat protection detects attacks including botnets and stops them before they even begin it also prevents your sense of information from being sent in an unencrypted format nobody wants that you also get ransomware protection of vpn service parental controls and autopilot your personal automated security advisor that helps you tailor your bitdefender experience to your needs and all this is backed by comprehensive 24 7 support so check them out at the link below for more details as well as a special giveaway so thanks for watching guys if you like this video give it a like give us a subscribe and be sure to hit us up in the comments section with your suggestions for future topics that we should cover"}