for people like me who have made a living out of the smooth audible
chocolate of their voices microphones have become a tool on
which our variability to put food on our tables is dependent and while your
average person might not feel the same way about them and may never set foot
anywhere near a Sound Studio chances are they would still find life a bit more
challenging had the microphone never been invented from those found on
telephones to drive-thru menus to the headsets worn by professional Gamers and
air traffic controllers alike these things have become indispensable to all
but the most rugged Mountain folk Among Us so microphones first came into
existence around the year of 600 BC in the form of masks which would carry a
stage performers voice across the expanse of a large Amphitheater simple
amplification Remains the general goal behind Soundwave manipulation until a
man in the mid 19th century by the name of Antonio miuchi invented the tetrao
let's try that again in English telephone and with that the races were
on to see which inventor could innovate and improve this device most
successfully now modern microphones or mics tend to fall into one of two major
groups depending on what type of audio transducer the device which transforms
sound into an electrical signal is used
the first of these transducer Styles is known as Dynamic and is normally the
type one sees their favorite pop singer using on stage these operate by way of a
plastic diaphragm that manipulates a coil located at its rear which has been
wrapped around a magnet whenever sound waves cause the diaphragm to undulate
the coil is bounced back and forth over the magnet surface with the movements
being registered and transformed into a signal these mics have the advantage of
being able to record high volume sources such as directly sung vocals without
easily distorting but the magnets which they use also restrict their ability to
be shrunk below a certain size this coupled with the needed input strength
to move the coil along the magnet leave them wanting sometimes in the
Departments of high frequency detail and low volume pickup the second transducer
type is referred to as a condenser and it also uses a diaphragm to register
incoming sound waves but instead of bouncing a coil around a magnet the
diaphragm is placed adjacently to a powered sensor plate which detects the
changing gap between these as it shrinks and grows with stimulation which gives
them an advantage in terms of size and sensitivity that makes them ideal for
things like phones headsets and small body worn
jobbies like the little one that I'm wearing in here they do require a
discrete power source for operation where magnet driven designs do not and
also the reduced size between the plate and the diaphragm when compared to the
length of the coiled magnet means they tend to top out and distort more easily
with loud noises now what kind of transducer a
microphone uses doesn't mean a whole lot unless it actually picks up sound from
the intended source and hopefully that only this is where the role of polar or
pickup patterns comes in which determine where the input is received from
relative to the microphone's location now there are many pattern styles for
different uses but the three basic families consist of omnidirectional
which pick up sound in a sphere surrounding the mic equally
unidirectional or cardioid with its pattern looking something like a
mushroom head and fading audio that's not directly in front of the microphone
and bidirectional which resembles a figure8 and you guessed it goes both
ways the noise cancelling feature many microphones use actually operates by
directing a pickup away from the intended Source then subtracting
anything it detects from the overall sum of both inputs with more advanced
systems using even more more than two microphones now although microphones
come in any transducer and pickup combination a user could Desire with
many boasting adjustable patterns on the Fly it's important to note that the
mixer processor or amplifier not to
mention file format types and the and speakers that are used to enjoy the
audio play a role in the experience as well and while this may seem like a bit
much for those who are uninitiated I can assure you all that it is at least much
more simple and convenient a way of communicating than the smoke signals
that we used to use speaking of communication if you want to improve
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very cool so I think that's pretty much it guys like this video if you liked it
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