WEBVTT

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where would we be without digital storage we'd be stuck in traffic trying

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to take our film to get developed at the drugstore and might even still be using

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Scrolls or something but believe it or not the long Odyssey from the era before

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electricity to storing terabytes of information on pint size ssds actually

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begins with paper specifically it began with Punch Cards which were quite

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important way before the year 2000 when the State of Florida suddenly decided

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that poking holes in a piece of paper was too difficult for whatever reason in

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fact Punch Cards and punch tape go all the way back to the early 1700s when

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they were used in looms to weave textile

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patterns patterns on tape could correspond to machine instructions as

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they did in things like player pios or to numbers and characters as they did in

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things like early computers tabulation machines from the late 1800s use punch

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tape to help count large data sets including helping to finish the US

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Census way ahead of schedule in 1890 of

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course Punch Cards don't exactly hold a lot of data with the typical punch card

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holding less than a tenth of a kilobyte so you'd need about 28 billion of them

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to match the capacity of a typical 2 tbte modern hard drive as digital

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Computing started becoming more popular magnetic storage came to dominate but

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this doesn't mean that the hard drive was the direct successor to the punch

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card an early form of magnetic storage was drum memory large cylinders with the

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data written on the outside like modern hard drives drum memory had read right

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heads but these were stationary instead

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the drum spun around at high speeds while the head waited for the relevant

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piece of data to come around although they could store a lot more data than

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old Punch Cards their capacity was still pretty tiny by modern standards only a

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few kilobytes each drum memory was actually quite popular until the 1950s

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but Magnetic Tape which was actually patented a few years prior to drum

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memory was far more enduring as tape drives are still widespread today for

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archival storage you can learn more about that here Magnetic Tape was and

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still is great for cheap data storage in

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bulk but with slow access times resulting from having to constantly wind

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the tape back and forth a quicker solution was needed as computers became

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more powerful work was done in the 1940

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on using cathode ray tubes to store data the same type of tube you can find in

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Old School TVs by firing electrons to

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create patterns representing ones and zeros that would stick to the tube

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however core memory quickly became much more popular especially due to its lower

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cost for working memory which we today

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refer to as RAM unlike earlier forms of

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magnetic storage core memory didn't have any moving Parts making it much quicker

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core memory worked by by changing the magnetic polarity of small iron oxide

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Loops which were woven together in fact

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core memory was often made by hand by garment workers but the small capacities

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of core memory led to a development of a compromise between access speeds and

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size The Familiar hard drive was introduced in 1956 on one of those

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massive old school IBM machines although it was 50 ft tall and contained 50

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platters this early drive only held 5

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megabytes but after IBM introduced a model with one head per platter to speed

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up access times the foundation was laid for the modern hard drive design and

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speaking of getting smaller there was still no solution for portable data

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until the venerable floppy disc appeared on the scene in

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1971 although it did use magnetic storage technology like hard drives

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their small size and lightweight made them very useful for relatively small

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programs and files that were common in that day the first discs were those

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giant 8 in ones that only held 80 kiloby

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but gradually floppy capacity grew and we got the ubiquitous 1.44 megabyte 3.5

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in discs that aren't really useful anymore for anything other than making

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pen holders and cool artsy crafts things or throwing them at your friends once

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you get tired of playing Oregon Trail although floppy drives tried to Stave

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off their demise with release of super floppy products such as the Almost

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Famous Zip drive of the mid 1990s the writable CD and later flash memory

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nailed the floppy's coffin shut with much higher capacities at lower prices

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although flash memory was first developed in 1980 and took a while to be

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widely used for long-term storage It ultimately pushed Optical media into

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increasing irrelevance as well as the ever popular USB thumb drives and SD

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cards came to dominate the market because flashtech doesn't rely on moving

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parts like Optical drives access times are much shorter and as Tiny transistors

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that store data on flash drives keep getting smaller and smaller we now have

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multiple terabyte ssds and SD cards that can store 512 GB you'd need over 7

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billion of those standard Punch Cards we talked about in the beginning of this

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episode to match just that SD card which

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would stack 800 M high no word yet

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though on when we're going to build a real life holocron Vault so I'll get

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back to you on that brain tree allows you to code for easy online payments if

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payments.com tequi thanks for watching like it if you liked it dislike if you

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disliked it let us know if you have comments on some other history of

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something subject that you'd like us to check out don't forget to go to lonus

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Tech tips and watch our ridiculous videos over there or to channel super

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fun which has arguably more or less ridiculous videos I'm really not even

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sure these days